‏ویژگی‌های رویشی و خاک رویشگاه گیلاس وحشی (‏Cerasus avium L.‎‏) ‏در ‏جنگل‌های ‏ارسباران

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جنگل‌داری، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 نویسنده مسئول، دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 دکتری جنگل‌داری، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

ارزیابی شرایط رویشگاهی گونه‌های جنگلی، یکی از اولین اصول در شناخت بوم‌سازگان‌های جنگلی است. هدف پژوهش پیش‌رو، بررسی ویژگی‌های رویشگاهی، خاک و مشخصه‌های کمی و کیفی گیلاس وحشی (Cerasus avium L.‎) در حوضه‌های کلیبرچای و ایلگنه‌چای جنگل‌های ارسباران در شهرستان کلیبر بود. باتوجه‌به شرایط فیزیوگرافی، منطقه‌های مورد مطالعه به دو دامنه ارتفاعی (١٠٠٠ تا 1500 و ١٥٠٠ تا 2000 متر از سطح دریا) و سه جهت جغرافیایی (شمالی، شرقی و غربی) تقسیم شدند. در هر بخش، پنج قطعه‌نمونه دایره‌ای‌شکل به مساحت 500 متر مربع (درمجموع، ٣٠ قطعه‌نمونه) به‌روش انتخابی پیاده شدند. مشخصه‌های اندازه‌گیری‌شده در هر قطعه‌نمونه شامل فیزیوگرافی، قطر برابرسینه، مبدأ و کیفیت تنه و قطر تاج پایه‌های گیلاس وحشی با قطر برابرسینه بیشتر از شش سانتی‌متر بودند. همچنین، یک نمونه خاک از عمق صفر تا 30 سانتی‌متر در هر قطعه‌نمونه برای تعیین ویژگی‌های خاک برداشت شد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین قطر برابرسینه پایه‌های گیلاس وحشی در ارتفاع 1000 تا 1500 متر از سطح دریا به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از دامنه ارتفاعی دیگر بود. این درختان در ارتفاع به‌نسبت پایین‌تر و خاک‌هایی با زهکشی زیاد و توان نگه‌داشت رطوبت میانگین، وضعیت رویشی مناسبی داشتند. همچنین، مشخص شد که میانگین قطر برابرسینه و قطر تاج و نیز تراکم پایه‌های گیلاس وحشی در جهت‌های شمالی و شرقی بیشتر از جهت غربی بودند. به‌طورکلی، این گونه اغلب دامنه‌های شمالی و شرقی را ترجیح می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of the vegetative and soil characteristics of wild cherry (Cerasus avium L.) stands in the Arasbaran forests, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Hashemi Gavgani 1
  • A. Alijanpour 2
  • S. Sasanifar 3
  • H. Beygi Heidarlou 3
1 Ph.D. Student of Forestry, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Corresponding author, Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Ph.D. of Forestry, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Knowing the habitat conditions of forest species is one of the primary principles for understanding forest ecosystems. This research aims to study the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of wild cherry (Cerasus avium L.) in ‎different aspects and elevations, and determine the most important ecological factors affecting ‎these characteristics. The study area is Kalibar Chay and Ilgenhe Chai of Arasbaran forests in ‎Kalibar county. According to the physiographic conditions of these regions in two elevation classes, ‎‎1000-1500 and 1500-2000 m.a.s.l., and in three main geographical aspects (north, east and west), 30 ‎circle sample plots with 500 m2 were selected in wild cherry habitats. Characteristics of wild cherry such ‎as physiographic features, diameter at breast height (DBH), origin, trunk quality and canopy diameter with a diameter ‎of more than 6 cm were recorded in each sample plot. Also, soil samples were taken ‎to determine some soil properties. Results showed that the DBH of trees in the altitude range of ‎‎1000-1500 m.a.s.l. is significantly higher than the altitude range of 1500-2000 ‎m.a.s.l. It can be concluded ‎that wild cherry stems have higher growth potential in terms of elevation class at low altitudes ‎and in terms of soil conditions in deep soils and high drainage with medium moisture retention ‎capacity. It was also found that the mean of both DBH and crown diameter and the density of wild cherry in the northern ‎and eastern aspects are higher than in the western aspect. Generally, wild cherry in this region prefers the northern and eastern slopes.‎

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Analysis of Relevance and Redundancy (RDA)
  • Arasbaran
  • elevation
  • geographical aspect

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