مقایسه‌ ویژگی‌‌های رویشی و ریخت‌شناسی در نهال‌های حاصل از قلمه پروونانس‌های سفیدپلت (.Populus caspica Bornm)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جنگل‌شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، گروه علوم و مهندسی جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت‌مدرس، نور، ایران

2 نویسنده مسئول، دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت‌مدرس، نور، ایران

3 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت‌مدرس، نور، ایران

5 دانشیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور ارزیابی تفاوت‌های رویشی و ریخت‌شناختی سفیدپلت‌ (Populus caspica Bornm.) در 15 توده شاخص در سراسر جنگل‌های هیرکانی، سه درخت از هر توده انتخاب شد. در اسفند‌ماه 1395، قلمه‌های یک‌ساله تهیه‌شده از این پایه‌ها در ایستگاه تحقیقات چمستان کاشته شدند. پس از یک سال، نهال‌ها کف‌بر شدند. در زمستان سال بعد، قلمه‌گیری از جست‌های یک‌ساله انجام گرفت. این قلمه‌ها در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار کاشته شدند. در ابتدای تیرماه، نمونه‌برداری از پنج برگ از هر نهال‌ متعلق به درختان هر توده انجام گرفت و 17 صفت ریخت‌شناسی و رویشی برگ‌ها همراه با قطر و ارتفاع نهال‌ها ثبت شدند. به‌منظور آنالیز داده‌ها از تحلیل خوشه‌ای، تجزیه واریانس دوطرفه و آزمون مقایسه میانگین دانکن استفاده شد. براساس نتایج تحلیل خوشه‌ای، ویژگی‌‌های ریخت‌شناسی و رویشی به چهار گروه تفکیک شدند. یافته‌ها نشان داد که قلمه‌های استان گلستان، بیشترین تنوع ریخت‌شناسی را داشتند. بیشینه و کمینه رویش قطری و ارتفاعی به‌ترتیب متعلق به قلمه‌های رستم‌آباد گیلان و جنگل گلستان بود، اما به‌دلیل حضور توده‌های مادری آن‌ها در مرز اقلیم خزری و ایرانی- تورانی، از نظر ویژگی‌های ریخت‌شناسی تعداد رگ‌برگ، عرض در 10 درصد طول برگ، بیشینه عرض برگ و عمق لوب، کمترین مقدار را در بین چهار گروه داشتند، بنابراین این ویژگی‌ها را می‌توان مشخصه ریخت‌شناسی سفیدپلت در مناطق مرزبوم (Ecotone) دانست. به‌طور کلی، مناطق مذکور به‌ویژه رستم‌آباد گیلان به‌دلیل رویش زیاد و تفاوت با ژنوتیپ‌های دیگر واقع در گسترشگاه سفیدپلت، ارزش حفاظتی قابل‌ملاحظه‌ای دارند و می‌توانند در برنامه‌های اصلاحی آینده استفاده شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of growth and morphological traits among rooted cuttings of Populus caspica Bornm. provenances

نویسندگان [English]

  • P. Ghadiripour 1
  • M. Akbarinia 2
  • F. Asadi 3
  • O. Esmailzadeh 4
  • A. Ghamari Zare 5
1 Ph.D. Student of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Department of forest science and engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
2 Corresponding author, Associate Prof., Department of Forestry and Forest Ecology, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
3 Associate Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Sari, Iran
4 Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry and Forest Ecology, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.
5 Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

     In a study of growth and morphological differences among Populus caspica Bornm., trees within Hyrcanian biogeographical region, 15 stands were selected from which one-year cuttings were cut from three plus-trees in each stand. The cuttings were planted in March 2017 at Chamestan Research Station, and the rooted cuttings were cut from the collar base after one year. Cuttings were separated from the one-year sprouts in the next winter and planted based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. We sampled five leaves of each stand-tree seedling on late June and 17 leaf morphological and growth traits as well as collar diameter and height of the rooted cuttings. Data were analysed by hierarchical cluster analysis, two-way ANOVA and Duncan comparison of means test. Four groups were separated according to cluster analysis, among which rooted cuttings from Golestan province showed the highest morphological diversity. The maximum and minimum collar diameters and height growth were observed in seedlings originated from Rostam-Abad (Guilan province) and Golestan National Park (Golestan province) respectively, yet they were similar in some of their morphological traits like their minimum leaf width at 10% of the total length, maximum leaf width, lobe depth and number of veins, which id presumably due to the location of their mother stands at the border of Hyrcanian and Irano-Turanian regions. Thus, they can be considered as morphological traits of P. caspica in the ecotone regions. However, the two regions had a high value for conservation, especially in Rostam-Abad due to high growth rate as well as prominent morphological differences in comparison with the other genotypes. Therefore, they are suggested for being integrated in tree improvement programs in the future.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Collar diameter
  • Hyrcanian forest
  • leaf traits
  • poplar
  • seedling height

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