مقایسه مشخصه‌‌های کمی و کیفی زادآوری گونه‌‌های چوبی در جنگل‌‌های ارسباران با شرایط متفاوت دخالت انسانی

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول، استادیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اهر، دانشگاه تبریز، اهر، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده فناوری کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

      پژوهش پیش‌رو با هدف کمی‌‌سازی اثر دخالت‌‌های انسانی بر وضعیت کمی و کیفی زادآوری طبیعی گونه‌‌ها در جنگل‌های ارسباران با تأکید بر گونه اوری (Quercus macranthera Fisch. & C. A. Mey. ex Hohen.) انجام شد. آماربرداری به‌روش خط‌نمونه و برداشت 90 قطعه‌نمونه دایره‌‌ای‌شکل با مساحت 14/3 متر‌‌ مربع انجام گرفت. در هر قطعه‌نمونه، فراوانی گونه‌‌ها، ارتفاع نهال، فرم رویشی، شادابی و منشأ زادآوری ثبت شد. براساس نتایج، زادآوری 11 گونه چوبی در منطقه وجود داشت که نسترن وحشی (Rosa canina L.) بیشترین و ازگیل (Mespilus germanica L.) کمترین درصد فراوانی را به‌خود اختصاص دادند. پنجاه و سه درصد نهال‌‌ها فرم رویشی انشعابی و 54 درصد از پایه‌‌های اوری، فرم رویشی میان‌‌رو داشتند. سهم نهال‌های شاداب از  کل نهال‌‌ها، 4/63 درصد بود. در 45 درصد از نهال‌‌های اوری، تاج کامل و شاداب مشاهده شد. همچنین، زادآوری 76 درصد پایه‌های همه گونه‌‌ها و نزدیک ‌به 70 درصد از پایه‌‌های اوری، منشأ دانه‌زاد داشتند. نتایج آزمون همبستگی نشان داد که با افزایش شدت دخالت‌های انسانی، فراوانی نهال‌های شاداب به‌شکل معنی‌داری کاهش می‌یابد و فرم رویشی چنگالی و نهال‌های با شادابی ضعیف زیاد می‌شوند. همچنین، با افزایش تخریب و دست‌خوردگی به زادآوری گونه‌های خرابه‌روی افزوده می‌شود، بنابراین برای حفاظت از جنگل‌‌های ارسباران، ضمانت بقای جنگل و افزایش زادآوری طبیعی باید کاهش شدت دخالت‌های انسانی مانند چرای دام و برداشت درختان در اولویت قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of woody species regeneration at the different conditions of human interventions in Arasbaran forests

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Ghanbari 1
  • K. Sefidi 2
1 Corresponding author, Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Ahar, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Technology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

    This research was done to quantify the effects of human interventions on the quantitative and qualitative status of natural regeneration of species with emphasize on oak (Quercus macranthera Fisch. & C. A. Mey. ex Hohen.) species in Arasbaran forest region. Data were collected by transect method in 90 circular sample plots with an area of 3.14 square meters. In each sample plot, the frequency of species, seedling height, growth form, vitality, and regeneration origin were recorded. Results showed that there was natural regeneration of 11 species. Dog rose (Rosa canina L.) and medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) had the highest and lowest frequency, respectively. About 53% of total seedlings had decurrent growth form and 54% of oak seedlings had excurrent from. About 63% of total seedlings belongs to high vitality classes and 45% of oak seedlings were in high vitality class. Seventy-six percent and 70% of total seedlings and oak had seed origin, receptively. Correlation analysis showed that with increasing the intensity of human interventions, frequency of high vitality seedlings have decreased significantly, but forked-spilt form and low vital seedlings have significantly increased. Based on the results, the increase of human interventions has led to decrease of total regeneration. Accordingly, to protect the Arasbaran forests and guarantee the survival of the forest, reducing the severity of human interventions such as grazing livestock and harvesting trees should be a priority.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Disturbance
  • ruderal species
  • seedling origin
  • Viburnum lantana
  • vitality

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