سازگاری و رشد جمعیت‌‌‌‌های بیدمشک (.Salix aegyptiaca L) در کلکسیون سنندج

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار، ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کردستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

در پژوهش پیش‌‌رو، سازگاری و ویژگی‌های رویشی 10 جمعیت بیدمشک (Salix aegyptiaca L) بومی و غیربومی موجود در کلکسیون ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گریزه سنندج در قالب طرح آماری بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و طی هفت سال (1397-1391) بررسی شد. تجزیه واریانس صفت‌ها در سال هفتم نشان داد که بین جمعیت‌‌های بیدمشک ازنظر صفت‌های رویشی و درصد زنده‌‌مانی درختان، اختلاف‌‌های معنی‌‌دار وجود داشت (0/01≥ p). میانگین کل قطر یقه، ارتفاع و قطر تاج درختان هفت‌ساله به‌‌ترتیب 6/5، 379/5 و 418/6 سانتی‌‌متر، رتبه شادابی درختان 3/7 (از 5)، متوسط زنده‌‌مانی حدود 77 درصد و نسبت قطر تاج به ارتفاع درخت 1/1 بود. به‌جز ارتفاع درخت، صفت‌های دیگر در گروه جمعیت‌‌های بیدمشک کردستان بیشتر از گروه ارومیه بود، اما اختلاف بین این دو گروه فقط برای صفت‌های قطر تاج، شادابی و درصد زنده‌‌مانی معنی‌‌دار بود (0/01 ≥ p). درمجموع، جمعیت‌‌های بیدمشک کردستان 6، کردستان 4 و کردستان 3 باتوجه ‌به برتری قابل‌‌توجه در صفت‌های رویشی و با درصد زنده‌‌مانی زیاد (بیشتر از 80 درصد) به‌‌عنوان سازگارترین جمعیت‌‌ها به شرایط بوم‌شناختی سنندج و مناطق مشابه شناسایی شدند. این جمعیت‌ها می‌‌توانند به‌منظور توسعه کاشت بیدمشک در راستای ایجاد و توسعه صنایع تبدیلی، افزایش درآمد بهره‌‌‌برداران، کاهش فشار بر جنگل و جلوگیری از تخریب گسترده آن به‌ویژه در ناحیه زاگرس استفاده شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Adaptation and growth of musk willow (Salix aegyptiaca L.) populations in the Sanandaj collection, Iran

نویسنده [English]

  • Bayzid Yousefi
Associate Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Considering the important practical properties of musk willow (Salix aegyptiaca L.) as a multipurpose species, this research was carried out in order to evaluate its growth and survival percentage with 10 musk willow populations (from Kurdistan and West Azerbaijan provinces in Iran) in agricultural and natural resource research station of the Gerizah – Sanandaj (Kurdistan-Iran). The analysis was conducted in three replications based on the randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) during 2013-2018. The results showed significant difference (p ≤ 0.01) among musk willow populations for studied traits. The total mean of tree collar diameter (D0), tree height (TH) and crown diameter (CD) and the mean of CD/TH ratio of 7 years old plants were 6.5, 379.5, 418.6 cm, and 1.1, respectively. In addition, the mean of trees vitality degree was 3.7 (1-5) and the mean of survival percentage was ca. 77%. With exception of the tree height, all studied traits of Kurdistan group of populations were higher than those of West Azerbaijan group. However, their differences were significant (p ≤ 0.01) only for crown diameter, vitality degree and survival percentage. Therefore, the musk willow populations of the Kurdistan 6, Kurdistan 4 and Kurdistan 3 could be introduced as higher growth and adaptable with survival percentages of more than 80% for establishment of musk willow cultivation and its related industries in the Sanandaj (Kurdistan Province) and similar ecological conditions of Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crown diameter
  • growth characteristics
  • survival percentage
  • tree height

مراجع

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