ارزیابی سطح و تراکم تاج‌‌پوشش جنگل‌‌های استان گیلان با استفاده از داده‌‌های ماهواره‌‌ای

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها، مراتع و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

2 مربی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌‌‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

آگاهی از سطح و پوشش جنگل در سطح یک چشم‌‌انداز می‌‌تواند یکی از شاخص‌‌های مهم برای ارزیابی پایداری جنگل باشد. در پژوهش پیش‌‌رو، با هدف استخراج نقشه پوشش جنگل در استان گیلان، داده‌های ماهواره لندست 8 مربوط به تابستان 1393 با روش طبقه‌بندی نظارت‌شده و الگوریتم ماشین بردار پشتیبان پردازش شدند. براساس روش آماربرداری دومرحله‌‌ای، 316 قطعه‌نمونه نیم هکتاری انتخاب شد. سپس، داده‌‌های میدانی مانند نوع کاربری و انبوهی تاج‌پوشش مشخص شدند. صحت کلی و ضریب کاپا در نقشه‌‌های استخراج‌شده از داده‌‌های لندست 8 به‌ترتیب 91/8 درصد و 0/8 به‌دست آمد. مساحی نقشه‌‌ها، سطح پوشش جنگل‌های گیلان را در‌مجموع 498 هزار و 804 هکتار برآورد کرد. ‌‌جنگل‌‌های انبوه، نیمه‌‌انبوه و تنک به‌ترتیب 42/1، 41/5 و 16/4 درصد از سطح جنگل‌‌های استان را به‌خود اختصاص دادند.‌‌ از نتایج مهم این پژوهش، مشخص شدن تأثیر منفی تشابه طیفی بین باغ­های کشاورزی با جنگل‌‌های تنک و نیمه‌‌انبوه در صحت طبقه‌‌بندی جنگل‌‌ بود. این پژوهش بیانگر کارایی مناسب داده‌‌های تصاویر لندست 8 در تهیه نقشه‌های موضوعی مانند انبوهی و پوشش جنگل بود، بنابراین این داده‌‌ها و اطلاعات به‌دست آمده از آن‌ها را می‌‌توان برای استفاده در تصمیم‌گیری‌های مدیریتی، حفاظت و احیاء جنگل توصیه کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of area and canopy density of forests in the Guilan Province using satellite data

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Amin Amlashi 1
  • Khosro Kh. Mirakhorlou 2
1 Assistant Prof., Forests Rangelands, and Watershed Management Research Department, Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Rasht, Iran
2 Senior Research Expert, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Knowledge on the area and amount of forest coverage at landscape scale can be one of the most important indicators in forest sustainable development. In this study, we used Landsat-8 full coverage imagery across the Guilan Province and the supervised classification method for forest canopy cover mapping in the summer of 2014. Field data were collected by a two-stage sampling method and 316 number of 0.5-ha plots. Subsequently, information on the types of land use and the canopy density (the ratio of the level of forest floor lightness per unit area) were recorded. With an overall accuracy of 91.8% and kappa coefficient of 0.80, results showed that 498804 ha of the total land area of Guilan Province is covered by forests, from which dense, semi-dense, and scattered forests account for about 42.1, 41.5, and 16.4% of the forested areas, respectively. This study demonstrated the negative effect of spectral similarity between farmlands with scatter and semi-dense forests in the accuracy of forest classification. This study demonstrated the proper performance of Landsat 8 data in providing thematic maps such as density and forest cover. Therefore, these data and information can be recommended for use in forest management decision-making, conservation, and restoration.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hyrcanian forests
  • land use
  • Landsat 8

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تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران
دوره 27، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 75
فروردین 1398
صفحه 100-111

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