تأثیر شرایط نوری و رژیم آبیاری بر ویژگی‌های رویشی نونها‎ل‎های حرا (Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh) و چندل (Rhizophora mucronata (Lam.)) در نهالستان

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان هرمزگان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بندرعباس، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‎ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

جنگل‎های مانگرو یکی از سودمندترین بوم‌سازگان‌ها هستند که امروزه در اثر تخریب، کمتر از 50 درصد مساحت اولیه آن‌ها باقی مانده‌ است. در مقابل تخریب بی‎رویه، بسیاری از کشورها علاوه‌بر حفاظت جنگل‎های مانگرو، اقدام به تولید نهال‎های استاندارد و جنگل‌کاری با آن‌ها کرده‌اند. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی تأثیر نوع گونه، رژیم آبیاری، شرایط نوری و اثرات متقابل آن‌ها بر ویژگی‌های رویشی نهال‎های حرا (Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh.) و چندل (Rhizophora mucronata (Lam.)) در نهالستان بود. پس از جمع‎آوری بذرهای این دو گونه‌ در تیر و مردادماه 1387، بذرها در گلدان‎های پلاستیکی کشت شدند. رویش‌ قطری، رویش ارتفاعی و ضریب قدکشیدگی تحت تأثیر ‎گونه، رژیم آبیاری (هرروز، یک روز درمیان و سه روز درمیان) و شرایط نوری (سایه‎ و آفتاب) با استفاده از تجزیه واریانس سه‌طرفه بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که رویش قطری چندل در شش ماهگی نسبت به 45 روز پس از کاشت، 0/38 میلی‎متر بیشتر از حرا بود (0/05< p). بررسی اثرات متقابل (گونه × شرایط نوری) حاکی از آن بود که رویش قطری حرا و چندل در شرایط سایه، اختلاف معنی‎دار داشتند. همچنین، رویش قطری حرا در روشنایی بیشتر از سایه بود (0/05< p). افزایش ضریب قدکشیدگی نهال‎ها در سایه به‎طور معنی‎داری بیشتر از روشنایی بود. افزایش ضریب قدکشیدگی هر دو گونه در سایه با یکدیگر اختلاف معنی‎داری داشت. در حرا افزایش ضریب قدکشیدگی در سایه به‌طور معنی‎داری بیشتر از روشنایی بود (0/01< p). طبق نتایج، برای رویش حرا روشنایی مناسب‎تر از سایه است، در حالی‌که چندل در هر دو شرایط نوری و سایه می‌تواند رشد کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of species, light, and irrigation regime on vegetative growth of grey mangrove (Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh.) and red mangrove (Rhizophora mucronata (Lam.)) seedlings in the nursery

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdolhamid Hajebi 1
  • Maryam Moslehi 1
  • Majid Hassani 2
1 Assistant Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Bandarabbas, Iran
2 Research Expert, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Mangrove forests are one of the most beneficial ecosystems that have lost more than 50% of their primary extents. Because of uncontrolled degradation, many countries go beyond standard measures of mangrove forests protection and produce standard seedlings to afforest for higher success rates. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of species, irrigation, and light regimes as well as their interaction on vegetative growth of grey mangrove (Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh.) and red mangrove (Rhizophora mucronata (Lam.)) seedlings in the nursery setting. Seeds of mangrove trees were collected and planted in plastic pots during July and August 2008. Then collar diameter, height, and stem height to stem diameter (h/d) were measured as influenced by species, irrigation regime (every day, every other day, and three days in between) and light condition (shade and light) using a three-way analysis of variance. Results showed that the diameter growth in the red mangrove is more than 0.38 mm than that of the grey mangrove (p < 0.05). Interactive effects of species × light condition showed that diameter growth of grey mangrove and red mangrove seedlings are significantly different in the shade condition. Diameter growth of grey mangrove seedlings was higher in light condition than that of in shade (p < 0.05). In shade, the stem height to stem diameter of seedlings was significantly higher than that of those measured it in light. Furthermore, the stem height to stem diameter as influenced by species × light condition was significantly different between two species and was also higher in shade condition compared with grey mangrove seedling (p < 0.01). The results suggested that light provides more favorable conditions for the grey mangrove seedlings growth, whereas it is not beneficial for the red mangrove seedlings.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Growth
  • light
  • mangrove forests
  • reforestation
  • shade

مراجع

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