تأثیر آموزش بر دانش محیط‌ زیستی و تغییرات اقلیمی دانش‌‌آموزان جنگل‌‌نشین و غیرجنگل‌‌نشین

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اهر، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 دانشیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اهر، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

     یکی از عوامل کلیدی برای شکل‌گیری عزم آگاهانه افراد به‌منظور مقابله با اثرات تغییر اقلیمی، دانش کافی و صحیح آنها درباره این پدیده است. آموزش محیط‌‌زیست به‌عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین روش‌‌ها برای افزایش آگاهی پیرامون تغییرات اقلیمی و مباحث محیط‌‌زیستی مطرح است که در دانش‌‌آموزان جنگل‌‌نشین مقطع راهنمایی در مناطق شهری و روستایی شهرستان کلیبر و دانش‌‌آموزان غیرجنگل‌‌نشین کلان‌شهر تبریز بررسی شد. هدف اصلی پژوهش پیش‌‌رو، سنجش اطلاعات محیط‌‌‌زیستی و تغییرات اقلیمی دانش‌‌آموزان و تأثیر برگزاری کارگاه‌‌ها بر افزایش اطلاعات این افراد بود. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل 69 هزار نفر بود که اطلاعات آنها با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه از 221 دانش‌‌آموز مقطع راهنمایی جمع‌‌آوری شد. از هرکدام از مناطق شهری و روستایی شهرستان کلیبر و کلان‌شهر تبریز، دو مدرسه و درمجموع شش مدرسه برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات انتخاب شد. روایی محتوایی پرسش‌نامه ازطریق پانلی از متخصصان دانشگاهی و اجرایی تأیید شد. پایایی پرسش‌نامه نیز با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ در گویه‌‌‌‌های محیط‌زیستی و اقلیمی به‌ترتیب برابر با 74/0 و 84/0 برای هر دو منطقه موردمطالعه به‌دست آمد. براساس نتایج، بیشتر از 90 درصد دانش‌‌آموزان بر اهمیت جنگل‌‌‌های ارسباران تأکید کردند. اینترنت در بین دانش‌‌آموزان غیرجنگل‌‌نشین (1/42 درصد) و جنگل‌‌نشین (5/34 درصد) به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین منبع کسب اطلاعات محیط‌‌زیستی و اقلیمی ذکر شد. برگزاری کارگاه آموزشی برای هر دو گروه از افراد موردمطالعه باعث افزایش حدود 10 درصدی در توجه به تغییر اقلیم با حدود 38 درصد شد. به‌ترتیب، حدود 34 و 15 درصد از دانش‌‌آموزان در مناطق غیرجنگل‌‌نشین و جنگل‌‌نشین بیان کردند که اطلاعی از بحران ایجادشده در اثر تغییرات اقلیمی ندارند. این مقدار در مرحله بعد از برگزاری کارگاه به‌ترتیب به پنج و هشت درصد کاهش یافت. بعد از برگزاری کارگاه آموزشی، به‌ترتیب 5/63 و 7/60 درصد از دانش‌‌آموزان در مناطق غیرجنگل‌‌نشین و جنگل‌‌نشین عقیده داشتند که باید فعالیت‌‌هایی برای مقابله‌‌ با تغییر اقلیم انجام دهند. درمجموع نتایج نشان داد که برگزاری کارگاه‌‌‌‌های آموزشی، تأثیری معنی‌‌دار بر افزایش اطلاعات محیط‌‌زیستی دانش‌‌آموزان منطقه موردمطالعه داشت. براین‌اساس‏، برگزاری کارگاه‌‌های آموزشی برای آشنایی دانش‌‌آموزان با مسائل محیط‌‌زیستی توصیه می‌‌شود.‌‌‌‌

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of education on the forest and non-forest students’ knowledge of environmental and climate change

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sajad Ghanbari 1
  • Mostafa Jafari 2
  • Zabihollah Nemati 3
1 Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Prof., Department of Animal Science Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

By considering environmental education as the basic source of knowledge to increase awareness of climate change and environmental issues in students, this was studied here by surveying students residing in Kalibar in the Arasbaran region (as forest dwellers) and Tabriz (as the non-forest dwellers). The main aim of this research was to quantify the students' information on environment and climate change and the effect of workshops in increasing their information. The statistical population consists of 69000 individuals, and data were collected from 221 intermediate-level students by questionnaires distributed in six schools. One school was randomly selected from each of the urban and rural areas of Kalibar, as well as from urban areas of Tabriz, resulting in 6 schools in total. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through a panel of academic and executive specialists. The reliability was also measured using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient in environmental (0.74) and climate (0.84) fields. Based on the results, > 90% of students in both forest and non-forest areas emphasized the importance of the Arasbaran forests. Internet was mentioned as the most important source of environmental and climate information among the non-forest (42.1%) and forest (34.5%) students. The workshop held for both groups of individuals led to a relative increase of 10% in awareness of climate change. In addition, 34 and 15% of the students in non-forest and forest regions stated that they had previously no information on the climate change consequences, which was increased to 5 and 8% in the post-workshop period, respectively. After the workshop, 63.5 and 60.7% of the students in non-forest and forest regions believed that they could and should participate in climate change campaigns. Overall, the results of the research showed that the workshops had a significant effect on increasing the awareness as well as environmental information.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Climate change
  • education workshop
  • environment education
  • internet
  • Tabriz

مراجع

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