تأثیر حشره‌‌کش گیاهی آزادیراختین و اختلاط آن با پودر حنا بر شب‌پره شمشاد Walker (Lep.: Crambidae) Cydalima perspectalis

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناس گیاه‌پزشکی، دفتر حفاظت و حمایت، سازمان جنگل‌ها، مراتع و آبخیزداری کشور، چالوس، ایران

چکیده

شب‌‌پره شمشاد با نام علمی Cydalima perspectalis Walker (Lep.: Crambidae) به‌‌عنوان مهم‌ترین آفت گیاهان جنس شمشاد در جهان معرفی شده است. این آفت از زمان ورود به ایران در سال 1395، به‌‌طور بسیار تهاجمی و مخرب بر روی شمشاد‌‌های جنگل‌های هیرکانی فعالیت می‌‌کند. هدف از پژوهش پیش‌‌رو، ارزیابی اثر آفت‌‌کش گیاهی آزادیراختین (نیم‌آزال®) به‌‌تنهایی و در اختلاط با پودر حنا (به‌‌عنوان سینرژیست) برای کنترل شب‌پره شمشاد بود. آزمایش‌‌ها در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی بر روی لاروهای سن دوم C. perspectalis در شرایط آزمایشگاهی (°C1±27، 10±60 درصد رطوبت نسبی، 16 ساعت روشنایی و هشت ساعت تاریکی) انجام شد. در ابتدا میزان مرگ‌ومیر در سه غلظت از ترکیب گیاهی نیم‌آزال (1500، 1000 و 250 پی‌پی‌ام) به‌همراه تیمار شاهد (آب) در شش تکرار ارزیابی شد. سپس میزان مرگ‌ومیر لارو سن دوم این آفت با سه غلظت از نیم‌آزالدر ترکیب با پودر حنا در سه تکرار بررسی شد. مرگ‌ومیر لاروها پس از 24، 48 و 72 ساعت ثبت شد. نتایج نشان داد که اگر پودر‌ حنا که ماده گیاهی ارزان‌قیمت و در دسترس است، به‌‌عنوان ماده همراه به سم‌پاش حاوی نیم اضافه شود، می‌‌تواند غلظت پیشنهادی نیم‌آزالرا تا 50 درصد کاهش دهد تا استفاده از این ترکیب برای کنترل شب‌پره شمشاد مقرون‌به‌صرفه شود. این اثر سینرژیستی مشابه با زمانی بود که غلظت این آفت‌‌کش به‌میزان دو برابر استفاده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of botanical pesticide Azadirachtin and its combination with Henna on bux moth, Cydalima perspectalis Walker (Lep.: Crambidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mina Kouhjani-Gorji 1
  • Mohammad Ebrahim Farashiani 1
  • Samira Farahani 1
  • Farzaneh Kazerani 1
  • Yazdanfar Ahangaran 2
1 Assistant Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Expert of Plant Protection, Deputy of Protection and Conservation, Forests, Range and Watershed Management Organization, Chalous, Iran
چکیده [English]

The bux moth, Cydalima perspectalis Walker (Lep.: Crambidae), has been identified as the most important pest of the genus Buxus in the world. This pest was introduced into Iran in 2016 and became highly invasive and destructive on Buxus hyrcana Pojark in the Northern Forests of Iran. The aim of this study was the evaluation of botanical pesticide Azadirachtin (Neem Azal®) to control of the bux moth and its combination with Henna as a synergist. Experiments were performed in a completely randomized design and were evaluated on second instar larvae of C. perspectalis under laboratory conditions (27±1°C, 65±10 R.H. and 16:8 L:D). At first, the mortality rate of the three concentrations of the Azadirachtin (1500, 1000 and 250 ppm) with control (water) was analyzed in six replications, then the effect of combination of three concentrations of Neem Azal® + Henna powder were investigated with three replications. The mortality was recorded after 24, 48 and 72 h. Our findings indicated that the application of Neem Azal® + Henna powder as an inexpensive and available adjuvant compound in spray tank could reduce the recommended concentration up to 50% and become more affordable to control C. perspectalis. This synergistic effect was similar when the dose of insecticide becomes doubles.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Botanical pesticide
  • Hyrcanian forests
  • mortality
  • Neem Azal

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