تأثیر مدیریت مبتنی بر حفاظت بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک جنگل‌های ارسباران

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه اقتصاد کشاوری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

بررسی ویژگی­‌های خاک یکی از راه­‌های ارزیابی مدیریت اعمال­‌شده بر رویشگاه­‌های جنگلی است. در پژوهش پیش‌رو به بررسی اثر مدیریت مبتنی بر حفاظت بر ویژگی­‌های خاک رویشگاه‌­های جنگلی منطقه ارسباران پرداخته شد. ابتدا منطقه حفاظت­‌شده و غیرحفاظتی (دیزمار) ارسباران به دو طبقه ارتفاعی 1000 تا 1500 متر و 1500 تا 2000 متر از سطح دریا تقسیم ­شد و در هر منطقه 22 نمونه خاک (در هر طبقه ارتفاعی 11 نمونه خاک) و درمجموع 44 نمونه خاک از عمق صفر تا 30 سانتی‌­متری دامنه‌­های شمالی این جنگل­‌ها برداشت ­شد. آزمون­ تجزیه واریانس دوطرفه برای بررسی اثرات تیمار مدیریت حفاظتی 45ساله و عامل ارتفاع از سطح دریا بر ویژگی‌های خاک انجام ­شد. نتایج نشان­ داد که مدیریت حفاظتی بر اسیدیته (6/5)، هدایت الکتریکی ( ds/m1/45)، رطوبت گل اشباع (77/5 درصد)، کربن آلی (8/31 درصد)، رس (31/77 درصد)، شن (40 درصد)، نیتروژن کل (0/84 درصد)، پتاسیم قابل جذب (2475/86 میلی گرم در کیلوگرم) و محتوای رطوبتی خاک (17/42 درصد) اثر معنی­‌دار داشت و میانگین تمامی این شاخص­‌ها به­‌جز شن در منطقه حفاظت­‌شده بیشتر از منطقه غیرحفاظتی بود. همچنین، نتایج نشان­ داد که عامل ارتفاع از سطح دریا بر وزن مخصوص ظاهری و محتوای رطوبتی خاک تأثیر معنی­‌داری داشت، به­‌طوری‌که میانگین وزن مخصوص ظاهری در طبقه ارتفاعی پایین (1/09 گرم بر سانتی­ متر مکعب) و میانگین محتوای رطوبتی خاک در طبقه ارتفاعی بالا (17/92 درصد) بیشتر بود.نتایج این پژوهش مؤید تأثیر قابل توجه رویکرد مدیریت حفاظتی بر شاخص‌­های کیفیت خاک رویشگاه‌­های جنگلی بخش حفاظت‌شده منطقه ارسباران بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of protection based management on physical and chemical properties of soil in Arasbaran forests

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samira Sasanifar 1
  • Ahmad Alijanpour 2
  • Abbas Banj Shafiei 2
  • Javad Eshaghi Rad 2
  • Morteza Molaei 3
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Associate Prof., Department of Agriculture Economy, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the applied management function on forest habitats, soil properties will provide useful information. In the present study, the effect of conservation based management on soil properties of Arasbaran forest habitats has been investigated. At first, the protected (Dizmar) and non-protected area of Arasbaran is divided into two altitude classes of 1000-1500 and 1500-2000 m.a.s.l. In each region, 22 soil samples (11 soil samples per elevation class) and totally 44 soil samples were taken at 0-30 cm depths of Northern aspect of these forests in the summer of 2016. Two-way ANOVA tests were carried out to evaluate the effects of 46-year conservation management treatment on the soil properties. The results showed that conservation management has significant effect on acidity (6.5%), Electrical Conductivity (EC) (1.45 ds/m), saturation moisture (77.5%), organic carbon (8.31%), clay (31.77%), sand (40%), N (0.84%), K (2475.86 ppm) and soil water content (17.42%). The mean of all these parameters except the sand are higher in protected region than the non-protected region. Also, the results indicate that in the Arasbaran area, the treatment of altitude from the sea level had significant effect on the bulk density and soil water content of the area, so that the mean bulk density in the low altitude is higher, whereas the mean soil water content is higher in upon altitude. The results of this research confirm the significant effect of conservation management approach on the soil quality indices of forest stands in the Arasbaran area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bulk density
  • elevation
  • protected area
  • Soil quality
  • two-way ANOVA

مراجع

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تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران
دوره 26، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 71
فروردین 1397
صفحه 104-117

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