تأثیر تغییرات فصلی و تاج‌پوشش درختان بر تراکم و زی‌وزن کرم خاکی در جنگل دانه‌زاد بلوط ایرانی (Quercus brantii)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد، دانشکده علوم جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده علوم جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

جمعیت کرم خاکی به‌عنوان یک عامل زیستی بر سلامت و تولید بوم‌سازگان‌ جنگل تأثیر دارد. تراکم و زی‌وزن کرم خاکی نمایان‌گر فعالیت زیستی و کیفیت خاک است. به‌کارگیری ویژگی‌ها و قابلیت‌های اکولوژیک کرم خاکی در مدیریت جنگل‌های زاگرس مستلزم شناخت وضعیت فعلی فعالیت زیستی این جاندار و عامل‌های محیطی مؤثر بر آن است. این پژوهش با هدف تعیین تراکم و زی‌وزن کرم خاکی و شناخت ارتباط آن‌ها با عامل‌های محیطی شامل تغییرات فصل، عمق خاک و تاج‌پوشش درختان در جنگل دانه‌زاد بلوط ایرانی (Quercus brantii Lindl.) در سامان عرفی داربر خرم‌آباد، استان لرستان انجام شد. پس از انتخاب 32 درخت، تراکم و زی‌وزن کرم خاکی در فصل‌های بهار و پائیز در زیر و خارج از تاج‌پوشش درختان با حفر گوده خاک به عمق 50 سانتی‌متر در سه لایه شامل صفر تا 10، 10 تا 30 و 30 تا 50 سانتی‌متر اندازه‌گیری شد. مقایسه میانگین‌های تراکم و زی‌وزن کرم خاکی با استفاده از تجزیه واریانس و آزمون t مستقل در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد انجام شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که تغییرات فصل، عمق لایه‌های خاک و تاج‌پوشش درختان بر تراکم و زی‌وزن کرم خاکی تأثیر معنی‌دار داشت. همچنین، تراکم و زی‌وزن کرم خاکی در فصل پائیز و نیز در عرصه‌های خارج از تاج‌پوشش درختان کاهش یافت. در طرح‌های مدیریت منابع جنگلی زاگرس، کاهش عامل‌های مخرب در لایه‌های سطحی خاک و افزایش انبوهی تاج‌پوشش می‌تواند با فراهم کردن شرایط مطلوب برای فعالیت زیستی کرم خاکی، موجب بهبود کیفیت خاک و ارتقاء سلامت بوم‌سازگان شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Impact of seasonal variation and tree canopy on density and biomass of earthworm in Brant’s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) high forest

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samira Beiranvand 1
  • Ramin Rahmani 2
  • Hashem Habashi 2
1 M.Sc. Forestry, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Faculty of Forest Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Earthworm population, as a biotic factor, affects health and productivity of forest ecosystems. Earthworm density and biomass indicates biological activities and quality of soils. In order to get the benefit of earthworm ecological potential in Zagros forest management, the current biological activities as well as environmental factors impacting of this invertebrate have to be understood. This study aims at determining the density and biomass of earthworm and investigating their relationships to environmental factors including seasonal variability, soil depth and the tree canopy in Brant’s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) high forest of Darber area (Khoram Abad, Lorestan). Thirty two single-stem trees of Brant’s oak were sampled. Earthworm’s density and biomass were measured in spring and autumn, under and away from the canopy, using soil profile. Soil profiles were 50 cm deep and samples were taken from layers at 0-10, 10-30, and 30-50 cm depth. Means of earthworm’s density and biomass were compared using one way ANOVA and independent t-test at the 95% probability level. The results of this study showed that seasonal variation, soil layers depth and tree canopy had significant impacts on earthworm’s density and biomass. Earthworm’s density and biomass were decreased in autumn and also in spots away from tree canopy. Minimizing topsoil disturbance and expanding canopy coverage in managing Zagros forest resources could optimize the environmental conditions for earthworm biological activity, which would improve soil quality and ecosystem health.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lorestan
  • soil layers
  • Zagros forests

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