ارزیابی بلندمدت التیام زخم در درختان صدمه دیده در اثر عملیات چوب‌کشی (مطالعه موردی: جنگل خیرود)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی جنگل، گروه جنگل‌داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استاد، گروه جنگل‌داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

امروزه با توجه به اعمال شیوه جنگل‌‌شناسی نزدیک به طبیعت برای مدیریت جنگل­های هیرکانی و پراکندگی برداشت در این شیوه، کاهش صدمات به توده باقی­مانده اهمیت زیادی پیدا کرده است. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی و مقایسه بلندمدت مقاومت گونه‌ها و قطرهای مختلف درختان در مقابل زخم‌های ایجاد شده با اندازه‌، شدت و محل‌های متفاوت و چگونگی تغییرات در محل زخم (التیام و بسته شدن زخم) بود. این پژوهش در بخش پاتم و نم­خانه جنگل خیرود با اندازه‌گیری صدمه به درختان باقیمانده در فاصله پنج متر از دو طرف محور مرکز مسیرهای چوبکشی به‌صورت پیمایش زمینی و آماربرداری صددرصد از درختان صدمه دیده انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین نوع گونه و مقدار التیام اختلاف معنی‏داری وجود داشت و راش مقاوم‌ترین گونه در مقابل صدمه مکانیکی بود. با افزایش قطر و با افزایش اندازه زخم (مساحت اولیه زخم)، نسبت التیام به­طور معنی­داری کاهش می­یافت. با افزایش ارتفاع محل زخم، درصد التیام زخم تغییر معنی­داری نداشت و با افزایش شدت زخم، درصد التیام به­طور معنی­داری کاهش می­یافت. همچنین، سن زخم اثر معنی‌داری بر نسبت التیام زخم و موقعیت درختان در مسیر چوبکشی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر مقدار صدمات به درختان باقی­مانده داشت. با توجه به این نکته که بیشتر زخم­ها در ارتفاع تا یک متری درخت ایجاد می­شوند و این قسمت از درخت با ارزش­ترین قسمت چوب است،‌ بنابراین تلاش برای کاهش آثار صدمات به توده باقی­مانده هنگام عملیات چوب‌کشی زمینی ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Long-term evaluation of scar closure on residual damaged trees following ground-based skidding (Case study: Kheyrud forest)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Niloufar Nouryazdan 1
  • Meghdad Jourgholami 2
  • Baris Majnounian 3
1 M.Sc. Forest Engineering, Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Prof., Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Now a day, due to applying the close to nature forestry method to manage the Hyrcanian forests and harvest distribution in this method, reducing damage to the residual stand  gains  more important. The aim of this study  was to determine and compare the resistance of the various diameters of tree species against scars or created during logging operation considering to the size, intensity and different locations  as well as to study the change in the wound (healing and wound closure) in the species over time. The research was carried out in the Patom and Namkhaneh district in the Kheyrud Forest. The results showed that there were significant differences among scar healing in the tree species. By increasing the diameter of the trees, the healing rate was significantly reduced, while by increasing the size of the wound (the primary area of the wound), scar healing rate was significantly decreased. Also, by increasing the scar height along the bole, the rate of wound healing has been changed significantly. By the increasing severity of the wound, healing rate was significantly reduced. The results showed that scar age has significant effect on the healing rate, but traffic intensity hasn’t significant effect on wound healing rate. Tree position along the skid trail has positive effects on the amount of residual damage trees.  Due to the fact that wounds are made in one meter height of the trunk, which is the most valuable part of the tree, trying to control the damage of trees is essential in the ground skidding operations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Forest harvesting
  • Kheyrud forest
  • scar age
  • scar size
  • skid trail
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