بررسی کمی و کیفی خشک‌دار در توده‌های آمیخته ممرز- راش در مرحله تحولی بلوغ (مطالعه موردی: جنگل خیرودکنار نوشهر)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری جنگل‌داری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 دانشجوی دکتری جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

مطالعه ساختار توده‌های طبیعی و همچنین شناخت مراحل تحولی و روند پویایی در جنگل‌های بکر در راستای به‌کارگیری روش‌های همگام با طبیعت، وظایف چندگانه جنگل از قبیل تعادل اکولوژیک و برآورد نیازهای اقتصادی- اجتماعی را تضمین می‌کند. پژوهش پیش‌رو با هدف کمی‌سازی ویژگی‌های ساختاری توده‌های طبیعی آمیخته راش شرقی (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) در مرحله تحولی بلوغ انجام شد. سه قطعه‌نمونه یک ‌هکتاری (100 × 100 متر) در پارسل 326 سری گرازبن جنگل آموزشی- پژوهشی خیرودکنار دانشگاه تهران انتخاب شد و قطر برابر سینه، ارتفاع درختان سرپا و ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی خشک‌دارهای واقع در قطعات نمونه اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که ممرز و راش به‌ترتیب با متوسط 52/8 و 37/7 درصد، بیشترین فراوانی را نسبت ‌به گونه‌های دیگر داشتند. متوسط حجم سرپا و خشک‌دار به‌ترتیب 629/2 و 13/4 متر مکعب در هکتار محاسبه شد. نمودارهای پراکنش قطری درختان و خشک‌دارها نشان‌دهنده حضور بیشینه‌ درختان و همچنین خشک‌دارها در طبقه قطری کوچکتر از 35 سانتی‌متر بود. همچنین، راش و ممرز به‌ترتیب بیشترین فراوانی را در طبقه ارتفاعی کمتر از 15 متر و 15 تا 30 متر داشتند و راش از نظر ارتفاعی به‌عنوان گونه غالب در اشکوب بالا بود. با توجه به این‌که پژوهش پیش‌رو در قطعات شاهد انجام شد، نتایج به‌دست‌آمده می‌تواند به‌عنوان مبنایی در توده‌های جنگلی دیگر مورد استفاده مدیران جنگل در عملیات جنگل‌شناسی، بهره‌برداری و احیای جنگل قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of deadwoods in mixed beech-hornbeam stands in the optimal stage (Case study: Kheyrood forest, Nowshahr)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Etemad 1
  • Morteza Moridi 2
  • Masoud Delfan Azary 3
  • Mehdi Kakavand 4
1 Associate Prof., Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
3 M.Sc. Student Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Ph.D. Student Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Study of natural stands structure as well as knowledge of developmental stages and dynamic process in the natural forest stands for applying close to nature silviculture methods, ensures multiple functions of forests such as ecological balance and socio-economic needs assessment. The aim of this study was to quantification of the structural characteristics of natural mixed oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) stands in the optimal stage. For this purpose three sample plots, each one ha (100 × 100m), were selected in the compartment 326 of Gorazbon district in the research and educational Kheyrood forest, and height and diameter at breast height (dbh) of all trees with dbh larger than 7.5 cm, as well as quantitative and qualitative characteristics of deadwoods were recorded. Results showed that hornbeam and beech were the most frequent species in the sample plots with frequency of 52.8 and 37.7 percent, respectively. Mean volume of the stands was 629.2 m3 ha-1, whereas the mean volume of deadwoods was 13.4 m3 ha-1. Diameter distribution of live trees and deadwoods indicated the maximum presence of trees and deadwoods in the small timber size (< 35 cm diameter) class. Height distribution of hornbeam and beech trees indicated the maximum frequency in the height classes with less than 15 meter and 15 to 30 meter, respectively and beech was the dominant species in the upper layer. The results of this study which was conducted in the control compartment could be used as a basis in other forest stands for silvicultural, harvesting and rehabilitation operations.

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