ساختار و ترکیب جنگل‌های رودخانه‌ای حوزه مارون بهبهان

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جنگلداری

3 مربی دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان

چکیده

در این تحقیق ویژگی‌های ساختاری و ترکیب جنگل‌های رودخانه‌ای حوزه مارون بهبهان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تعداد 79 پلات 100 مترمربعی به‌روش ترانسکت- کوادرات در منطقه موردمطالعه به‌مساحت 82 هکتار پیاده شد. ویژگی‌های ساختاری توده شامل قطر، ارتفاع، تاج‌پوشش و رابطه بین قطر و ارتفاع اندازه‌گیری و محاسبه شد. تراکم، غلبه، تنوع زیستی و شاخص ارزش اهمیت نیز برای مشخص‌کردن ترکیب توده محاسبه شد. میانگین قطر یقه پده (Populus euphratica Olivier)، گز (Tamarix arceuthoides Beg.) و سریم (Lycium Shawii Roemer & Schult) به‌ترتیب 33/3، 5/5 و 6/4 سانتی‌متر، میانگین ارتفاع به‌ترتیب 5/5، 1/1 و 9/0 متر و میانگین پوشش تاجی به‌ترتیب 5/696، 9/7 و 7/30 مترمربع در هکتار محاسبه شد. منحنی ارتفاع برای سه گونه درختی بیانگر حضور پده در اشکوب زبرین و استقرار گز و سریم در اشکوب زیرین است. گونه‌های گز (24/48 درصد) وTrachynia distachya (L.) Link ( (21/07 درصد بیشترین مقدار تراکم نسبی را در بین گونه‌های چوبی و علفی داشتند. غلبه نسبی گونه گز (2/79 درصد) و گونه (Phragmites australis (CAV.) TRIN (2/18 درصد) بیانگر غالب‌‌بودن این دو گونه در منطقه است. بیشترین شاخص ارزش اهمیت در کل منطقه را گز (42/127 درصد) داشت. گونه Trachynia distachya (32/27 درصد) نیز گونه غالب علفی معرفی شد. درمجموع منطقه موردمطالعه از غنا و تنوع گونه‌ای علفی و چوبی مناسبی برخوردار است. پژوهش پیش‌رو نشان داد که جنگل‌های رودخانه‌ای حوزه مارون بهبهان را می‌توان از نظر ساختاری و ترکیبی به‌عنوان توده‌های ناهمسال آمیخته با ناهمگنی زیاد قلمداد کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The structure and composition of riparian forests of Maroon River, Behbahan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Basiri 1
  • Asieh Riazi 2
  • Hamid Taleshi 3
  • Javad Pourrezaei 3
1 Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, I.R. Iran
2 M.Sc. Student, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, I.R. Iran.
3 Instructor of Forestry Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, I.R. Iran.
چکیده [English]

Structure and composition of Maroon riparian forests (Behbahan, Khuzestan Province) were studied. Transect-quadrate method was used to establish 79 plots of 100m2 each within the 82-ha study site. A set of structural stand attributes including diameter, height, canopy and the height/diameter relationship were measured and derived. In addition, the density, dominance, biodiversity and importance value index were calculated to describe the stand composition. Mean collar diameter for main woody species (Populus euphratica Oliv., Tamarix arceuthoides Beg., Lycium shawii Roem and Schult.) were 33.3, 5.5 and 6.4cm respectively. In addition, the mean measured height of those species were 5.5m, 1.1m and 0.9m, respectively. In addition, the mean canopy cover of the three woody species were 696.5, 7.9 and 30.7m2 per hectare. Exploring the height curve of those tree species indicates that P. euphratica is mainly established in the overstory, whereas T. arceuthoides and L. shawii represent the understory. T. arceuthoides (48.24%) and Trachynia distachya (L.) Link (21.07%) showed the highest relative densities amongst woody and herbaceous species. The relative dominance of T. arceuthoides (79.2%) and Phragmites australis (CAV.) TRIN (18.2%) indicates the predominance of those two species across the study site. The maximum important value index was found to be 127.42% for T. arceuthoides. With 27.32% coverage, T. distachya was shown to be the dominant herbaceous species. Finally, the diversity of herbaceous and woody species in the region was proven to be appropriate. This study showed that riparian forests of Maroon in Behbahan can be considered as uneven aged and mixed stands bearing a high structural and compositional heterogeneity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • stand structure
  • characteristics
  • importance value index
  • diversity
  • Populus euphratica
  • Tamarix arceuthoides
  • Khuzestan

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