نقش رژیم سایه دامنه در تراکم تاج‌پوشش و ارزیابی توان اکولوژیک جنگل‌های زاگرس (مطالعه موردی: جنگل‌های کبیرکوه شهرستان بدره، استان ایلام)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جنگل‌شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشکده علوم جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع‌ طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده علوم جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

هدف پژوهش پیش‌رو، بررسی نقش رژیم سایه دامنه در میزان تراکم تاج‌پوشش و امکان جایگزینی آن با معیار جهت دامنه در مطالعات اکولوژیکی و ارزیابی توان اکولوژی جنگل‌های کبیرکوه ایلام در حوزه رویشی زاگرس بود. برای انجام این پژوهش، ابتدا نقشه مدل رقومی ارتفاع تهیه شد و نقشه رژیم سایه دامنه از آن استخراج شد. با توجه به ارتباط مستقیم تاج‌پوشش جنگل با توان اکولوژیک رویشگاه، نقشه‌های رستری سایه دامنه و تاج‌پوشش در هم ضرب شدند و مساحت اشغال‌شده به‌وسیله تاج‌پوشش در مقادیر مختلف رژیم سایه دامنه محاسبه شد. همچنین، نقشه جهت‌های اصلی دامنه تهیه شد و در نقشه تاج‌پوشش جنگل ضرب شد. مساحت اشغال‌شده به‌وسیله تاج‌پوشش در جهت‌های مختلف دامنه نیز محاسبه شد و هیستوگرام آن ترسیم شد. درنهایت، هیستوگرام و مدل‌های رگرسیونی رابطه مقادیر مختلف رژیم سایه دامنه و درصد تاج‌پوشش جنگل تهیه شد. هیستوگرام مذکور بیانگر روند افزایش تاج‌پوشش در قبال کاهش شدت نور (افزایش سایه) بود. ضریب تبیین (R2) مدل رگرسیونی درجه دو و مدل خطی رابطه مذکور برای مقادیر با ارزش سایه بیشتر از 100، به‌ترتیب برابر با 0/58 و 0/56 به‌دست آمد. با توجه به سهولت تهیه نقشه سایه دامنه و نقش آن در پیش‌بینی تاج‌پوشش جنگل و مزیت‌های دیگری که بر نقشه جهت دامنه دارد، توصیه می‌شود که این معیار در جنگل‌های زاگرس و در جنگل‌های خشک و نیمه‌خشک دیگر، به‌عنوان یکی از عامل‌های کلیدی توان اکولوژیکی سرزمین مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The role of hillshade regime on canopy density and evaluation of ecological capability in the Zagros forests (Case study: Kabirkooh forest of Badreh city, Ilam province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Najafifar 1
  • Mohammad Hadi Moiyeri 2
  • Shaban Shatai-Joybari 2
  • Abdolrasoul Salman-Mahini 3
1 Ph.D. Student Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forest Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forest Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 Associate Prof., Department of Environment, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research was to investigate the role of hillshade values, in comparison with terrain aspect, in the canopy changes and evaluation of ecological capability in vegetation domain of Zagros forests. In conducting the research, digital elevation model (DEM) was prepared and soil map was extracted from that. Due to the direct relationship of forest canopy with the site ecological capability, the raster map of hillshade was multiplied by forest canopy; and canopy area was calculated at different values of the hillshade map. Also, the map of the main slop aspects extracted by the DEM map and that was multiplied to the map of forest canopy. Then canopy area was calculated for different aspect; and that was presented as a histogram. Thereupon, the histogram and quadratic model equation of relationship between forest canopy percent and hillshade regime was prepared, in the entire study area. The histogram and the model, show that reducing the intensity of sunlight (Rising Shadow), strong influence on the increase in canopy. Also, the quadratic regression model (R2 = 0.58) and linear regression model (R2 = 0.56) of the correlation, with 17 repetitions, obtained in the form of a square block network. Because of the easiness and the low cost of hillshade mapping, and also, its superiority over the terrain aspect map; we recommend that hillshade maps be used as one of the key factors for of land ecological capability, in the Zagros forest and other arid and semi-arid forests.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • aspect
  • canopy density
  • ecological capability
  • hillshade
  • Zagros forests

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