ارزیابی صدمات چوبکشی مکانیزه و سنتی بر زادآوری در جنگل (مطالعه موردی: جنگل سری هفت لالا- صنایع چوب و کاغذ مازندران)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

4 کارشناس ارشد جنگل‌داری، شرکت چوب و کاغذ مازندران، ساری، ایران

چکیده

بهره‌برداری از جنگل به‌عنوان نیازی بیولوژیک، عملی ضروری و در عین حال عاقلانه و اقتصادی است، اما این کار صدماتی را به جنگل و زادآوری درختان وارد می‌کند. بهره‌برداری هم به‌طور سنتی و هم به‌طور مکانیزه به‌منظور برداشت و حمل‌ و نقل چوب از جنگل‌های شمال انجام می‌شود. در پژوهش پیش‌رو، در دو بخش به بررسی میزان خسارت وارد بر زادآوری در اثر چوبکشی با قاطر (سنتی) و اسکیدر (مکانیزه) و مقایسه این دو روش پرداخته شد. پژوهش پیش‌رو در پارسل چهار سری لالا مربوط به شرکت چوب و کاغذ مازندران انجام شد. شیوه جنگل‌شناسی اعمال‌شده تک‌گزینی بود و روش آماربرداری منظم- تصادفی با قطعات نمونه دایره‌ای ‌شکل یک‌آری برای بررسی صدمات زادآوری در دو مرحله پیش و پس از چوبکشی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که در عملیات قطع و تبدیل درختان به 2/38 درصد از زادآوری و پس از عملیات چوبکشی به 8/56 درصد از زادآوری آسیب وارد شده است. در پژوهش پیش‌رو مشخص شد که صدمات چوبکشی مکانیزه بر نهال، شل و خال به‌ترتیب 10/67، 7/46 و 1/78 درصد بود، درحالی‌که صدمات چوبکشی سنتی به نهال، شل و خال به‌ترتیب 9/2، 9/11 و 6/58 درصد بود. همچنین صدمات وارد بر کل زادآوری در بخش چوبکشی مکانیزه 93/7 درصد و در بخش چوبکشی سنتی نه درصد بود که به استناد نتایج آزمون t جفتی، صدمات چوبکشی مکانیزه و سنتی در دو بخش پارسل اختلاف معنی‌داری با یکدیگر نداشتند.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the damaged regeneration by mechanized and traditional loggings in the forest (Case study: Lala forest of Mazandaran Wood and Paper Company)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzali Valizadeh 1
  • Majid Lotfalian 2
  • Hasan Akbari 3
  • Ali Akbar Rafiei 4
1 M.Sc. Forest Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
3 Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
4 Research Expert, Wood and Paper Company of Mazandaran, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

Ecologically and economically sound forest logging is regarded as a biological and practical necessity. However, the logging activities cause damages to forest, in particular to its regeneration. Both traditional and in mechanical wood harvesting and transportation are practiced in Caspian forests. Here, the damages to the regeneration raised by skidding with mule (traditional) and Skidder (mechanized) were assessed and also compared. This study was conducted in Parcel 4 of Lala series of Mazandaran Wood and Paper Company forests. The applied forestry regime is single tree selection. Random systematic sampling was used with circular sample plots to study the regeneration damages for the two methods, measured before and after skidding. The results showed that 2.38 % of the regeneration was damaged during the tree felling and conversion operations, whereas 8.56% was damaged after the skidding operations. In this study, the industrial skidding damages to groups of seedling, small sapling and sapling were assessed to account for 10.67%, 7.46% and 1.78%, respectively. Furthermore, the traditional skidding damages to groups of seedling, small sapling and sapling were 9.2%, 9.11% and 6.58%, respectively. Also the total damages to regeneration in the industrial skidding were assessed to be 7.93%, whereas the rate was 9% in traditional skidding. Finally, the statistical analysis showed that the damages caused by traditional and industrial skidding are not significantly different between the two studied parts of the forest parcel.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lala series
  • mechanized logging
  • regeneration damages
  • traditional logging

مراجع

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