مطالعه تأثیر تاج‌پوشش و فصل نمونه‌برداری بر فعالیت آنزیم‌های خاک در چند رویشگاه ارس ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

2 مربی پژوهشی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

3 کارشناس ارشد، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

چکیده

بررسی آنزیم‌های خاک روش متداولی است که به‌طور گسترده برای سنجش فرآیندهایی که در چرخه‌های مواد غذایی خاک روی می‌دهد استفاده می‌شود. فعالیت‌ آنزیم‌های خاک به اثرات تخریبی انسان و طبیعت حساس بوده و اندازه‌گیری فعالیت‌های گروهی آنها می‌تواند ارزیابی معتبری از پاسخ متابولیک خاک‌ به روشهای مدیریتی و تنش‌های محیطی را فراهم کند. این تحقیق در چهار رویشگاه اُرس ایران شامل لاین (استان خراسان)، چهارباغ (استان گلستان)، کندرق (استان اردبیل) و چهارطاق اردل (استان چهارمحال و بختیاری) انجام شد. از عمق 20-0 سانتی‌متری خاک نمونه‌برداری شد. سه آنزیم اسید فسفاتاز، آلکالین فسفاتاز و دهیدروژناز در بهار و پاییز 1387 و در زیر و بیرون تاج‌پوشش با استفاده از واکنش با سوبسترا و با اسپکتروفتومتر سنجش شدند. نتایج نشان داد که فعالیت آنزیم‌های بررسی شده در کلیه‌ رویشگاه‌ها در زیر تاج‌پوشش درختان اُرس بیشتر از بیرون تاج‌پوشش است که نشان می‌دهد زیر تاج‌پوشش محیط غنی‌تری به‌لحاظ فعالیت میکروارگانیسم‌های خاک و گسترش ریشه‌های اُرس است. یافته‌ها همچنین نشان می‌دهد که آنزیم‌های خاک در فصل بهار فعالیت بیشتری در مقایسه با اوایل پاییز داشته و تحت تأثیر دوره‌ خشکی و گرمای تابستانه از فعالیت میکروارگانیسم‌ها کاسته شده است. این تحقیق نشان داد که آنزیم‌های خاک تحت تأثیر فرآیندهای اقلیمی و پوشش گیاهی می‌توانند شاخص‌های مناسبی برای ارزیابی اکوسیستم خاک باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Impact of canopy and seasoning on activity of soil enzymes in some Juniper habitatsof Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Matinizadeh 1
  • Mostafa Khoshnevis 2
  • Maryam Teimouri 2
  • Mohammad Hassan Ghasemi 3
1 Assistant Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (RIFR)
2 Senior Research Expert, RIFR
3 M.Sc., RIFR
چکیده [English]

Soil enzyme analysis is a widely used technique for examining nutrient cycling processes in soil. These enzymes are sensitive to the effects of anthropogenic activities and disturbance on the soil and provide valuable assessing of the metabolic response of soil to management practices and environmental stresses. This research was performed in four juniper habitats of Iran including Layen (Khorasan province), Chaharbagh (Golestan province), Kanderagh (Ardebil province) and Chahartaghe Adaral (Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province). Three enzymes including acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase were assessed by reaction with substrate and photometrical method under canopies and intercanopy in May and September 2008. Our results showed that the activities of all studied enzymes were significantly higher in soils under Junipers that represented more activity of microorganisms at this area. Soil enzyme activities showed seasonal variation with higher activity in September at both areas. It seems that the activity of microorganisms has been reduced under drought and heat duration. Our research indicates that soil enzymes may be valuable indexes for assessing soil ecosystem because of changing climatic conditions and vegetation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • soil biology
  • Acid Phosphatase
  • Alkaline phosphatase
  • dehydrogenase
  • Juniperus
  • Season
  • canopy

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تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران
دوره 18، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 39
فروردین 1389
صفحه 152-162

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