معادلات آلومتریک زی‌توده و اندوخته کربن بذر بلوط ایرانی (Quercus brantti) و تعیین عناصر غذایی آن در جنگل‌های لردگان استان چهارمحال و بختیاری

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

4 استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

ترسیب کربن به‌عنوان یکی از مهمترین مزایای درختان در اکوسیستم‌های جنگلی بوده که در اندام‌های مختلف آنها ازجمله بذر انجام می‌شود. اختصاص کربن در اندام‌های مختلف به‌عنوان یک فرایند کلیدی در چرخة کربن محسوب می‌شود. مقدار کربن موجود در هر اندام، زمان باقی ماندن کربن در اکوسیستم و چرخة کربن آن را تعیین می‌کند. بذر بلوط ایرانی (Quercus brantti) در جنگلهای زاگرس از جنبه‌های مختلفی حائز اهمیت است. علاوه بر ارزش‌های تغذیه‌ای، دارویی و اکولوژیک، زی‌توده و مقدار اندوختة کربن این بخش از درخت از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. در این تحقیق که در جنگلهای استان چهارمحال و بختیاری انجام شد، تعداد 35 پایه بلوط ایرانی در دو شکل تک‌پایه و جست‌گروه به‌صورت تصادفی انتخاب و آماربرداری از صفات کمی کلیة پایه‌ها انجام شد. سپس بذر تمامی پایه‌ها به‌صورت جداگانه برداشت شده و وزن تر آنها در عرصه اندازه‌گیری شد. وزن خشک نمونه‌ها، مقدار کربن و سایر عناصر غذایی موجود در بذر نیز در آزمایشگاه مورد اندازه‌گیری قرار گرفت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که زی‌تودة بذر در درختان تک‌پایه به‌طور متوسط 6 برابر جست‌گروه‌ها است. همچنین مقدار کربن بذر حدود 40 درصد وزن خشک آن است. نتایج بررسی مدل‌های رگرسیونی نشان داد که در درختان تک‌پایه از بین متغیرهای مستقل، قطر متوسط تاج معادلاتی با شاخص‌های مدل‌سازی بهتری تولید کرد، در حالی‌که در جست‌گروه‌ها بهترین مدل رگرسیونی بدست آمده، مدل رگرسیونی توانی بر مبنای ارتفاع کل جست‌گروه است. بسیاری از مدل‌های بدست آمده از ضریب تبیین بالایی برخوردار بودند که حکایت از امکان استقرار معادلات آلومتریک مناسب برای زی‌توده و اندوختة کربن بذر بلوط ایرانی داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Allometric equations of biomass and carbon stocks for Quercus brantti acorn and its nutrition elements in Lordegan, Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ya'ghoub Iranmanesh 1
  • Seyyed Gholam Ali Jalali 2
  • Khosro Sagheb-Talebi 3
  • Seyyed Mohsen Hosseini 2
  • Hormoz Sohrabi 4
1 Ph.D. student, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, University of Tarbiat Modares
2 Associate professor, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, University of Tarbiat Modares
3 Associate professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
4 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, University of Tarbiat Modares
چکیده [English]

 
Carbon sequestration in different organs such as seed is one of the most important benefits of trees at forest ecosystems. Allocation of carbon within different tree organs is a key process in Carbon cycle. The amount of carbon at each organ, defines its residence time at ecosystem and its cycling. Acorn is important in different aspects at Zagross forests. In addition to its medical, ecological and nutritional value, the seeds have a special importance in terms of carbon sequestration and biomass production. In trial which was carried out in Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari province of I.R. Iran, 35 individual trees of Quercus brantti Lindl. Were chosen randomly at standard and coppice forests and their quantitative characteristics were measured. After that, the acorns of the trees were harvested separately and the total wet weights was measured at field. The acorn’s dry weight, carbon deposit and nutrition elements were identified in laboratory. The results indicated that the acorn biomass of the standard trees was six times more than the coppice ones and its carbon deposit was 40% of its dry weight. Allometric models were created for the standard and coppice trees. The results of the regression models showed that the average crown diameter developed better equation with the modeling parameters of the standard trees than the coppice ones, whereas in the coppice trees, the best equation was developed by power regression model, based on shoots total height. Overall, there was several precise and suitable allometic models for acorn’s seed biomass and carbon deposit.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carbon sequestration
  • seed
  • Acorn
  • coppice and standard types
  • nutrition element
  • crown diameter

مراجع

- Abdi, N., Maddah Arefi, H. and Zahedi Amiri, Gh., 2008. Estimation of carbon sequestration in Astragalus rangelands of Markazi province (Case study: Malmir rangeland in Shazand region). Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 15(2): 269-282.
- Bordbar, S.K. and Mortazavi Jahromi, S.M., 2006. Carbon sequestration potential of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. and Acacia salicina Lindl. plantation in western areas of Fars province. Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 70: 95-103.
- Campioli, M., Verbeeck, H., Lemeur, R. and Samson, R., 2008. C allocation among fine roots, above and belowground wood in a deciduous forest and its implication to ecosystem C cycling: a modeling analysis. Biogeosciences Discuss., 5: 3781-3823.
- Campioli, M., Gielen, B., Granier, A. and Janssens, A.I.A., 2010. Carbon allocation to biomass production of leaves, fruits and woody organs at seasonal and annual scale in a deciduous and evergreen temperate forest. Biogeosciences Discuss., 7: 7575-7606.
- Clark, D.A., Brown, S., Kicklighter, D.W., Chambers, J.Q., Tomlison, J.R. and Ni, J., 2001. Measuring net primary production in forests: concepts and field methods. Ecological Applications, 11: 356-370.
- Ebrahimi, A., Khayami, M. and Nejati, V., 2009. Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity on hydroacohilic of the seed hull of Quercus brantii. Journal of Medical Plants, 9(1): 26-34.
- Emami, A., 1996. Plant Analysis Methods. Research Institute of Soil and Water, Technical Manual No 982, 128 p.
- Anonymous, 2010. Global forest resource assessment..FAO, Rome, 378 p.
- Fatahi, M., 1992. Regeneration problems of Zagros Forest. Proceedings of the north Zagros forest conference on regeneration problems. Kermanshah, 20 p.
- Ganesh, T. and Davidar, P., 1999. Fruit biomass and relative abundance of frugivores in a rain forest of southern Western Ghats, India. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 15: 399-413.
- Ghorbani, H., 2005. Determination of Amount of acorn in different diameter classes and site conditions in Ilam province. Final report of research project, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelads, 51 p.
- Gysel, L.W., 1956. Measurement of acorn crops. For. Sci., 2: 305-313.
- Houghton, R.A. and Goodale, C.L., 2004. Effects of land-use change on the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems. In: DeFries, R., Asner, G. and Houghton, R.A. (Eds.), Ecosystems and Land Use Change. American Geophysical Union, Washington DC: 85-98.
- Izquierdo, G.G., Canellas, I. and Montero, G., 2006. Acorn production in Spanish holm oak woodlands. Invest. Agrar. Sist. Recur. For., 15(3): 339-354.
- Jafari, H., Fazaeli, H., Varmaghani, S.A. and Maghsoudinezhad, Gh., 2001. The use of different levels of Acorn in the diet of Kurdish fattening mal lambs. Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 14(4): 36-40.
- Kabiri, K., 2008. Comparison of carbon sequestration and its spatial pattern in the above-ground woody compartment of a pure and mixed beech forest. PhD thesis in Forestry, Tehran University, 119 p.
- Losi, C.J., Siccamaa, T.G., Condit, R. and Morales, J.E., 2003. Analysis of alternative methods for estimating carbon stock in young tropical plantations. Forest Ecology and Management, 184: 355-368.
- Lott, J.E., Howard, S.B., Black, C.R. and Ong, C.K., 2000. Allometric estimation of above-ground biomass and leaf area in managed Grevillea robusta agroforestry systems. Agrofor. Syst., 49: 1-15.
- Masoudinezhad, M.R. and Yazdanbakhsh, A.R., 2004. Removal of Chrome and Nickel from sewages-polluted water source by using oak fruit. Koomesh, 6(1): 7-14.
- Navar, J., 2009. Allometric equations for tree species and carbon stocks for forests of northwestern Mexico. Forest Ecology and Management, 257: 427-434.
- Niklas, K.J. and Enquist, B.J., 2003. An allometric model for seed plant reproduction. Evol. Ecol. Res., 5: 79-88.
- Ozcan, T. and Baycu, G., 2005. Some element concentration in the acorn of Turkish Quercus L. (Fagaceae). Taxa. Pak. J. Bot., 37(2): 361-371.
- Panahi, P., Jamzad, Z. and Pourhashemi, M., 2009. Acorn production of Zagros forests oaks and their qualitative characteristics in Zagros section of National Botanical Garden of Iran. Journal of Forest and Wood Products (JFWP), Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, 62(1): 45-57.
- Panahi, P., Pourhashemi, M. and Hassani Nejad, M., 2011. Estimation of leaf biomass and leaf carbon sequestration of Pistacia atlantica in National Botanical Garden of Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest, 3(1): 1-12.
- Saatchi, S.S., Houghton, A., Dos Santos Alvala, R.C., Soare, J.V. and Yu, Y., 2007. Distribution of above ground biomass in the Amazon. Global Change Biol., 13: 816-837.
- Saglan, B., Kucuki, O., Bilgili, E., Durmaz, D. and Basal, I., 2008. Estimating fuel biomass of some shrub species (Maquis) in Turkey. Turk. J. Agric., 32: 349-356.
- Salardiny, A.A. and Mojtahedi, M., 1988. Principles of Plant Nutrition-volume II, (Translation), Published by Tehran university, 315 p.
- Shadnoush, Gh., 2004. Acorn fruit of the brain as a nutrient in the diet of rainbow trout. Journal of Fisheries of Iran, 15(3): 87-96.
- Sohrabi, H. and Shirvani, A., 2012. Allometric equations for estimating above ground biomass of Atlantic Pistachio (Pistacia atlantica var. mutica) in Khojir National Park. Iranian Journal of Forest, 4(1): 55-64.
- Stelzer, L.E., Chambers, J.L., Meadows, J.S. and Ribbeck, K.F., 2004. Leaf biomass and Acorn production in a thinned 30-year-old cherrybark oak plantation. Proceedings of the 12th Biennial Southern Silvicultural Research Conference, Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-71, Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station: 276-279.
- West, P.W., 2009. Tree and Forest Measurement. Springer, 190 p.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار