مقایسه تغییرات آنزیم‌های آلکالین فسفاتاز و اسید فسفاتاز خاک در سه رویشگاه جنگلی و دست‌کاشت فندق در دو فصل

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهرری

2 استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

3 کارشناس ارشد پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات منابع طبیعی و کشاورزی گیلان

4 مربی پژوهشی، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

5 کارشناس، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهرری

چکیده

تولید و ترشح آلکالین فسفاتاز و اسید فسفاتاز به‌ترتیب توسط میکروارگانیسم‌ها و گیاهان نقش مهمی در تبدیل فسفات آلی به معدنی و دسترسی گیاهان به آن دارد. برای مطالعه این دو صفت در رویشگاه‌های فندق از خاک ریزوسفر پایه‌های فندق در دو رویشگاه طبیعی آق‌اولر (استان گیلان) و آرپاتپه (استان اردبیل) و رویشگاه دست‌کاشت ایستگاه تحقیقات البرز (استان البرز) در دو فصل بهار و تابستان نمونه‌برداری انجام شد. پس از عصاره‌گیری از خاک و انجام واکنش‌های بیوشیمیایی لازم، فعالیت آلکالین فسفاتاز و اسید فسفاتاز با استفاده از اسپکتروفتومتر سنجیده شد. بررسیهای ما نشان داد که میزان فسفر قابل جذب در سه رویشگاه متفاوت و به‌ترتیب در رویشگاه آرپاتپه 21/23 در رویشگاه البرز 42/32 و در رویشگاه آق‌اولر 56/8 ppm بود. فعالیت آنزیم‌های آلکالین فسفاتاز (µg ρNP g-1 h-1 (±21/38) 520/35)  و اسید فسفاتاز ( µg ρNP g-1 h-1 (±29/52) 678/02) خاک در رویشگاه آرپاتپه در هر دو فصل بهار و تابستان از دو رویشگاه دیگر بیشتر بود. همچنین بررسیها نشان داد که میزان فعالیت اسید فسفاتاز در تابستان حدود 2/5 برابر فعالیت در بهار در هر 3 منطقه بوده که بیان‌کننده‌ی رشد ریشه‌ها در طول دوره‌ی رویش است. بنابراین فعالیت آلکالین فسفاتاز در فصل تابستان 2 برابر یا کمتر از آن در 3 رویشگاه می‌باشد که منعکس‌کننده دوره سکون در فعالیت میکروارگانیسم‌ها در طول تابستان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatesactivity in soil of three natural and planted habitats of hazel in two seasons

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farhang Moraghebi 1
  • Mohammad Matinizadeh 2
  • Baba Khanjani Shiraz 3
  • Maryam Teimoori 4
  • Farnaz Afdide 5
1 Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad University. Shahr-e-Rey Branch
2 Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
3 Senior Research Expert, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Guilan Province
4 Senior Research Expert, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
5 Research Expert, Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e-Rey Branch
چکیده [English]

Production and secretion of alkaline and acid phosphatase by microorganisms and plants has a very important role in mineralization of organic phosphate and availability of it for plants. Acid and alkaline phosphatase activity was assayed in two hazel natural habitats including Agh-e-velar in Gilan province and Arpatappeh in Ardebil province and compared with their activity in artificial habitat in Alborz research center in Alborz province. Soil sampling was made in spring and summer.  Available phosphorus and acid and alkaline phosphatase activity was assayed by spectrophotometer. The results showed that available phosphor was 23.21, 32.42 and 56.8 ppm in Arpatappeh, Alborz and Agh-e-velar habitats, respectively. Acid phosphatase (678.02(±29.52) µg ρNP g-1 h-1 ) and alkaline phosphatase (520.35(± 21.38) µg ρNP g-1 h-1) activity in Arpatappeh was more than the those in other habitats at both spring and summer seasons. In addition, acid phosphatase activity in summer was almost 2.5 times more than that one in summer at the three locations, which indicates root growth through growth season. Alkaline phosphates showed opposite pattern. Alkaline phosphatase activity in summer samples was two times more than its samples in spring at the three locations, which indicates a decrease in microbial activity at summer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Acid Phosphatase
  • Alkaline phosphataes
  • Forest
  • Hazel

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