اثر تیمارهای ایندول بوتیریک اسید، باکتریایی و قارچی بر ریشه‌زایی قلمه‌های زالزالک ایروانی (Crataegus pseudoheterophylla Pojark.)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکترای جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 استاد، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 مربی پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مرکزی

چکیده

پژوهش پیش‌رو به‌منظور یافتن شیوه‌نامه مناسب برای ریشه‌زایی و تولید نهال زالزالک ایروانی (Crataegus pseudoheterophylla Pojark.) از طریق قلمه چوب سخت با تیمارهای ایندول بوتیریک اسید (IBA)، باکتریایی و قارچی با دو منشأ متفاوت جست و نهال انجام شد. قلمه‌ها در دو آزمایش جداگانه در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با 11 تیمار و سه تکرار 10 تایی در بستر شاسی گرم کشت شدند. تیمارها شامل قرار دادن انتهای قلمه در 5/3 درصد وزنی حجمی آب اکسیژنه (H2O2) و سپس کاربرد IBA با غلظت‌های صفر (شاهد)، یک، دو، سه، پنج، هشت و 10 ‌گرم در لیتر، قرار دادن انتهای قلمه در محلول چهار ‌گرم در لیتر IBA و سپس قرار دادن در سوسپانسیون باکتریایی (Agrobacterium rhizogenes A13، Pseudomonas fluorescens 169 وBacillus subtilis FzB24) و مایه تلقیح قارچی‌  Glomus intraradicesبود. در آزمایش اول قلمه‌هایی با منشأ جست در بستر شاسی کشت شدند و پس از گذشت سه ماه در شرایط عرصه بازکاشت نهال‌ها انجام شد و خصوصیات ریشه‌زایی نهال‌ها پس از گذشت یک فصل رویشی ارزیابی شد. در آزمایش دوم از نهال‌های تولیدشده از آزمایش اول قلمه تهیه شد و آزمایش در شرایط گلخانه و عرصه و با تیمارهایی همانند آزمایش اول انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که در آزمایش اول بیشترین درصد ریشه‌زایی در ترکیب H2O2 با غلظت سه ‌گرم در لیتر IBA و بیشترین مشخصه‌های سطح ریشه، سطح ویژه برگ، وزن خشک نهال، ارتفاع و کلروفیل مربوط به تیمار ترکیبی IBA با سوسپانسیون باکتریایی A. rhizogenes بود. در آزمایش دوم، بیشترین درصد ریشه‌زایی در تیمارهای ترکیب H2O2 باغلظت سه ‌گرم در لیتر و پنج ‌گرم در لیتر IBA و تیمار ترکیبی IBA با سوسپانسیون باکتریایی A. rhizogenes مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of IBA, bacterial and mycorrhizal treatments on the rooting of Crataegus pseudohetrophylla Pojark. cuttings

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fateme Ahmadloo 1
  • Masoud Tabari Kouchaksaraei 2
  • Gholam Reza Goodarzi 3
1 Ph.D. Forestry, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University
2 Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University
3 Senior Research Expert, Research Division of Natural Recourses, Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO
چکیده [English]

This study was carried out to determine appropriate methods for rooting and seedling production of Crataegus pseudohetrophylla Pojark. from hardwood cuttings by IBA, bacterial and mycorrhizal treatments and two different sources of sprout and seedling. For this purpose, cuttings were sown in two separate experiments in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 11 treatments and 3 replications of 10 cuttings in greenhouse benches. Treatments contained dipping the basal end of cuttings in H2O2 (3.5% w/v) followed by the application of IBA at concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, and 10 g l-1) or dipping in 4 g l-1 IBA and then application of bacterial suspension of Agrobacterium rhizogenes A13, Pseudomonas fluorescens 169, Bacillus subtilis FzB24, and mycorrhizal inoculums of Glomus intraradices. In the first experiment, cuttings from sprout source were sown in greenhouse benches. The seedlings were transplanted to the open field condition after three months, and were assessed for rooting characteristics after a season of growth. In the second experiment, cuttings were prepared from seedlings produced from the first experiment, and the experiment was conducted in greenhouse and open field conditions and with similar treatments to those applied in the first experiments. Results showed that in the first experiment the highest rooting percentage was obtained in the combination of H2O2 with 3 g l-1IBA, and the highest root area, specific leaf area, total seedling dry weight, height, and total chlorophyll contents were obtained when a combination of IBA with bacterial suspension of A. rhizogenes was applied. In the second experiment, the highest rooting percentage was observed for the combination of H2O2 with 3 and 5g l-1IBA, as well as for the combination of IBA with bacterial suspension of A. rhizogenes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Auxin
  • greenhouse benches
  • Bacterial inoculation
  • rooting
  • root area
  • source of cutting

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