اثر تلقیح قارچ‌های میکوریزی و باکتری Pseudomonas fluorescens بر رشد و زنده‌مانی گیاهچه‌های به‌دست‌آمده از کشت بافت انگور فرنگی خراسانی ( Ribes khorasanicum Saghafi & Assadi)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی نور، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 دانشیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی و شعبه مشهد، پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی نور، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

4 استاد، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی نور، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

5 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی

چکیده

یکی از گونه‌های بومی و ارزشمند خراسان رضوی، انگور‌فرنگی خراسانی یا قره‌قات ( Ribes khorasanicum Saghafi & Assadi) است که در ارتفاعات رشته کوه هزارمسجد در محدوده کوچکی از شهرستان‌های درگز و کلات به‌صورت توده‌های پراکنده وجود دارد. این گونه به‌دلیل دخالت‌های انسانی، نیاز اکولوژیکی زیاد و قوه ‌نامیه کم بذر آن، در حال از بین رفتن است. هدف از پژوهش پیش‌رو بررسی نقش میکروارگانیسم‌های همزیست در بهبود رشد و زنده‌مانی گیاهچه‌های به‌دست‌آمده از کشت بافت قره‌قات بود. بدین منظور آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی انجام شد. تیمارها شامل قارچ میکوریزی (فاقد میکوریز، تلقیح گونه‌های Rhizophagus intraradices، Glomus mosseae، Rhizophagus intraradices + Glomus mosseaeو قارچ‌های جداسازی شده از رویشگاه) و تیمار باکتری (فاقد باکتری و تلقیح باکتری Pseudomonas fluorescens) بودند. نتایج بررسی‌ها نشان داد که تلقیح باکتری باعث بهبود درصد زنده‌مانی، سطح تاج و تعداد برگ گیاهچه‌ها شد. همچنین تلقیح قارچ‌های میکوریزی استخراج‌شده از رویشگاه باعث بهبود درصد استقرار میکوریز در ریشه گیاهچه‌ها، درصد زنده‌مانی، ارتفاع، سطح تاج و تعداد برگ گیاهچه‌ها شد. ترکیب قارچ‌های میکوریزی Rhizophagus intraradices +Glomus mosseaeنیز باعث بهبود درصد زنده‌مانی نهال‌ها شد. در مجموع می‌توان گفت که تلقیح قارچ و باکتری باعث بهبود سازگاری گیاهچه‌ها به شرایط خارج شیشه ‌شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of mycorrhizal fungi and Pseudomonas fluorescens Bacteria on the growth and survival of Ribes khorasanicum Saghafi & Assadi tissue culture plantlets

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Darroudi 1
  • Abbas Safarnejad 2
  • Moslem Akbarinia 3
  • Seyyed Mohsen Hosseini 4
  • Mohammad Hajian Shahri 5
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University
2 Associate Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Razavi Khorasan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center and Mashhad Branch, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)
3 Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University
4 Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University
5 Assistant Prof., Plant Protection Research Department, Razavi Khorasan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO
چکیده [English]

Ribes khorasanicum Saghafi & Assadi is considered as one of the valuable medicinal native species of Razavi Khorasan province that is distributed across high-altitudes of Hezar Masjed Mountains in a small range of Dargaz and Kalat cities as scattered patches. Because of human interference, high ecological requirements and low seeds germination this species is currently endangered and as even considered to be prone to extinction. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of symbiotic microorganisms in the growth and survival of plantlets produced by tissue culture techniques. For this purpose a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design. Mycorrhiza fungi treatments included treatments without mycorrhiza, those with Rhizophagus interaradics, Glomus mosseae, as well as R. interaradics + G. mosseae and fungus that were separated from the test site. Bacteria treatments included those without bacteria and those with Pseudomonas fluorescens inoculation. The results showed that bacteria inoculation could improve survival, crown area and number of leaves. The results also showed that the inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi separated from the site habitat improved root colonization, survival, height, number of leaves and crown area. Furthermore, the combination of mycorrhizal fungi R. intraradices + G. mosseae improved the survival rate. It was concluded that the inoculation of fungi and bacteria improved plant acclimatization in ex vitro conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • survival
  • Ghareghat
  • Tissue culture
  • mycorrhiza
  • Pseudomonas fluorescens

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تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران
دوره 24، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 63
فروردین 1395
صفحه 127-116

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