تأثیر عامل‌های فیزیوگرافی و برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک بر پراکنش زردکیش (Marsdenia erecta (L.) R. Br. ex DC.) در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جنگلشناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشگاه گیلان

2 دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان

3 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری

چکیده

روابط بین پوشش گیاهی و عامل­ های محیطی به شناخت عامل‌های مؤثر بر رشد و استقرار گونه ­های گیاهی و همچنین شناسایی رویشگاه ­ها کمک می­کند. یکی از گونه ­های درختچه ­ای جنگلی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری گونه زردکیش (Marsdenia erecta (L.) R. Br. ex DC.) است. تاکنون پژوهشی در مورد ویژگی­های اکولوژیکی و محدوده پراکنش این گونه در کشور گزارش نشده است. در این پژوهش پس از جنگل‌گردشی و بررسی مقدماتی، مناطق رویشی زردکیش در استان شناسایی و دو رویشگاه چهارطاق و دورک اناری انتخاب شد، سپس در مناطق انتخاب شده 35 قطعه‌نمونه 1000 متر مربعی دایره­ ای شکل پیاده شد. در هریک از قطعات نمونه مشخصه­ های کمی گونه شامل تعداد پایه، قطر متوسط تاج و ارتفاع اندازه‌گیری شد. همچنین در هر قطعه‌نمونه یک نمونه مرکب خاک از عمق سطحی تهیه شد و برخی ویژگی­ های فیزیکی و شیمیایی آن در آزمایشگاه اندازه‌گیری شد. به‌منظور بررسی ارتباط بین پراکنش زرد­کیش با ویژگی­‌های خاک از روش تجزیه و تحلیل مؤلفه‌های اصلی استفاده شد. نتایج به ­دست‌آمده نشان داد که زرد­کیش در منطقه دورک اناری دارای قطر تاج، ارتفاع و سطح تاج‌پوشش بیشتری نسبت به منطقه چهارطاق است، درحالی‌که در منطقه چهارطاق تراکم این گونه بیشتر است. همچنین در مقایسه متغیر­های خاک ازجمله اسیدیته، کربن آلی، آهک، فسفر، پتاسیم، ازت، شن، سیلت و رس بین دو منطقه اختلاف معنی ­دار مشاهده شد.نتایج به ­دست‌آمده از تجزیه مؤلفه­ های اصلی نیز نشان داد که در رویشگاه دورک اناری بافت خاک و در رویشگاه چهار­طاق متغیر­های شیمیایی خاک ازجمله کربن آلی، فسفر، پتاسیم و نیتروژن از عامل‌های مهم در پراکنش این گونه هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of physiographic factors and some physical and chemical soil properties on distribution of Marsdenia erecta (L.) R. Br. ex DC.in ChaharMahal and Bakhtiari province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fereshte Moradianfar Junaghani 1
  • Kambiz Taheri Abkenar 2
  • Yaghoub Iranmanesh 3
1 M.Sc. Student of Sliviculture and Forest Ecology, University of Guilan
2 Associate Prof., University of Guilan
3 Assistant Prof, Research Division of Natural Resources, ChaharMahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO
چکیده [English]

Associations between plant coverage and environmental parameters help to understand the natural habitats, as well as the effective functions on growth and establishment of plant species. The Marsdenia erecta (L.) R. Br. ex DC.is one of shrub species which occurs in forests of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, about which almost no report on ecological characteristics and regional distribution has been published so far. In this study, growth regions of Marsdenia erecta were initially identified following site visits and preliminary checks, based on which two habitats of Chahartagh and Dorak Anari were selected. Field sampling was accomplished by means of 35 circular plots of 1000 m2 each. In each plot, quantitative characteristics of species, including number of standing trees, average crown diameter and height were measured. In addition, a mixture soil samples were collected from the surface soil horizon, which were then analyzed in terms of chemical and physical properties such as electrical conductivity, organic carbon, lime, phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen, sand, silt and clay contents. The properties were statistically analyses on species level.  Furthermore, the relationship between Marsdenia erecta distribution and soil characteristics was surveyed by principal component analysis. The results showed maximum diameter, height and canopy of Marsdenia erecta across Dorak Anari test site, whereas Chahartagh test site revealed the highest density. Quantitative results also revealed a significant difference between the measured heights of Marsdenia erecta individuals across the two test sites. However, no significant difference was observed by comparing the mean values of soil variables (acidity, organic carbon, lime, phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen, sand, silt and clay). Based upon the applied principal component analysis, soil texture was the most influential factor on distribution of Marsdenia erecta in Dorak Anari, whereas chemical variables of soil such as organic carbon, phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen were the major determinants in Chahartaghtest site.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Principal component analysis
  • Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari
  • Marsdenia erecta
  • physiography

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تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران
دوره 23، شماره 4
دی 1394
صفحه 757-768

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