روش‌های مناسب شکستن خواب بذر بارانک ایرانی (Sorbus persica Hedl.)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جنگل‏داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

2 دانشیار، گروه جنگل‏داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

3 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

4 دانشیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

بارانک ایرانی (Sorbus persica Hedl.) یکی از گونه‌های ارزشمند درختچه‌ای جنگل‌های استان اصفهان (زاگرس مرکزی) است. پس از سپری شدن سرمای زمستان، سبزشدن بذرهای این درختچه در شرایط طبیعی آغاز می‌‌شود. عامل‌های متعددی ازجمله مشکلات مربوط به جوانه‌زنی بذر و استقرار نهال، زادآوری گونه‌های مختلف را در عرصه‌های جنگلی تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. در پژوهش پیش‌رو جوانه‌زنی بذر بارانک ایرانی برمبنای طرح کامل تصادفی شامل تیمارهای: چینه سرمایی، چینه گرمایی و سپس چینه سرمایی، جیبرلین، جیبرلین و سپس چینه سرمایی، بذر بدون پوسته و شاهد بررسی شد. بیشترین درصد جوانه‌زنی (97/5%) درتیمار چینه گرمایی (25 درجه سانتی‌گراد) به‌مدت دو هفته و سپس چینه سرمایی (یک تا چهار درجه سانتی‌گراد) به‌مدت چهار ماه به‌دست آمد.موفق‌ترین تیمار شکستن خواب بذر، از نوع چینه سرمایی بود. بنابراین به‌نظر می‌رسد خواب بذر بارانک ایرانی از نوع خواب فیزیولوژیک باشد. با توجه به اینکه پیش‌تیمار پس‌رسی بعد از 120 روز در دمای یک تا چهار درجه سانتی‌گراد موجب برطرف شدن کامل خواب بذر شد، خواب فیزیولوژیکی بذر در گونه مورد مطالعه عمیق است. محتوای اولیه رطوبتی بذر 17/3% بود. کاهش رطوبت بذر تا 7% تأثیر معنی‌داری بر زنده‌مانی بذرها نداشت و قابلیت حیات بذر بعد از نگهداری بذرها به‌مدت 600 روز در دمای منفی 20 درجه سانتی‌گراد حفظ شد، بنابراین بذر بارانک دارای رفتار بذرهای ارتدکس Orthodox است. درمجموع، استفاده از تیمارهای مناسب نشان داد که بذرهای این گونه از قوه نامیه زیادی برخوردار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Appropriate methods for breaking seed dormancy of Iranian mountain ash (Sorbus persica Hedl.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Esmaeili Sharif 1
  • Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini Nasr 2
  • Abbas Ghamari Zare 3
  • Majid Talebi 4
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University
2 Associate Prof., Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University
3 Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)
4 Associate Prof., Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology
چکیده [English]

Iranian mountain ash (Sorbuspersica Hedl.) is a valuable shrub species which also frequently occurs in the stands located in Isfahan province in central Zagros. Mountainash seedling typically begins to germinate after winter. We investigated its seed germination by means of a completely randomized design with 15 treatments including the pre-chill, warm stratification then pre-chill, gibberellin, gibberellin then pre-chill, and control treatments, each in four replications. The highest germination rate (97.50%) was observed for two-week warm stratification (25°C) and the 4-month cold stratification (1-4°C) treatments. The success of cold stratification treatment suggests that Iranian mountain ash is associated with physiological dormancy. Since the pre-chilled treatment for 120 days at 1-4°C completely broke the seed dormancy, the seed dormancy was concluded to be substantially deep. Reducing the initial seed moisture content (17.3%) to 7% did not affect its survival. Moreover, seed viability was maintained following a 600-day storage at -20°C, suggesting an orthodox behavior of the seeds. In conclusion, the use of appropriate treatment resulted in a very high germination rate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Isfahan
  • orthodox seed
  • Tetrazolium
  • germination
  • Physiological dormancy

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تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران
دوره 23، شماره 4
دی 1394
صفحه 694-706

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