مقایسه روش‌های رسته‌بندی غیرمستقیم در تجزیه و تحلیل پوشش گیاهی (مطالعه موردی: جنگلکاری فرودگاه ارومیه)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 کارشناس ارشد جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه

3 استادیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه

4 استادیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش بررسی توانایی‌های روش‌های مختلف رسته‌بندی غیر­مستقیم با کاربرد وسیع در تجزیه و تحلیل پوشش گیاهی است. عرصه جنگلکاری­‌شده با کاج سیاه (Pinus nigra Arnold) با مساحت 9/2 هکتار واقع در محوطه فرودگاه ارومیه مورد مطالعه قرار­گرفت.نه قطعه‌نمونه مربعی شکل با مساحت 100 مترمربع به روش منظم تصادفی با ابعاد شبکه 50 ×50 متر پیاده شد و نوع و درصد پوشش گونه‌­های علفی در آنها ثبت شد.یک منطقه مرتعی مجاور توده جنگلکاری مذکور (منطقه کنترل) انتخاب شد و سه قطعه‌نمونه با فاصله‌های 50 متر بر روی یک خط‌نمونه پیاده شد و پوشش علفی هر قطعه‌نمونه همانند منطقه جنگلکاری مورد بررسی قرار­گرفت. سه روش رسته‌بندی تجزیه و تحلیل مؤلفه­‌های اصلی(PCA)، رسته‌بندی تطبیقی قوس‌گیری (DCA) و رسته‌بندی چندبعدی غیر­متریک (NMDS) براساس معیارهای طول گرادیان، Kaiser-Guttman، عصای شکسته، مقدار ویژه بیشتر از 4/0و تجزیه و تحلیل Procrusteanبرای ارائه مناسب‌ترین روش تجزیه و تحلیل پوشش گیاهی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند.نتایج نشان داد که هرسه روش رسته­‌بندی توانایی نشان دادن ماهیت اصلی ساختار داده­‌ها را دارد.اگرچه با توجه به تجزیه و تحلیل Procrustean، همبستگی بین روش‌های رسته‌بندی اختلاف معنی‌داری داشتند، اماهمبستگی بین NMDS و DCA بیشتر از سایر رسته‌­بندی­‌ها بود. میزان تنش نهایی رسته‌­بندی NMDS کمتر از 10بود.DCAمعیارKaiser-Guttman را با یک محور و PCA با سه محور پوشش می­داد.همچنینPCAمعیار عصای شکسته را با سه محور می­‌پوشاند ومیزان مقدار ویژه درDCA بیشتر از 0/4 بود. به‌طورکلی می‌توان بیان کرد که درمجموع برای منطقه مورد مطالعه، روش­های رسته‌بندی DCA و NMDS مناسب­ترند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of indirect ordination methods for analysis of the vegetation (Case study: Urmia airport plantation)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Javad Eshaghi Rad 1
  • Naqme Pakgohar 2
  • Abbas Banj Shafei 3
  • Seyyed Jalil Alavi 4
1 associations in Baharbon district of Kheyroud Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University
2 M.Sc. Forestry, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University
3 Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University
4 Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University
چکیده [English]

This study aimed at investigating a range of widely-used approaches for indirect ordination analysis of vegetation. To this aim, a black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold.) plantation (9.2 ha) located at Urmia airport was studied. Nine plots of 100 m2 each were randomly set up in 50×50 m sampling grid, in which vegetation was recorded. In addition, three plots of 100 m2 with 50 meters interval were set up along transect in an adjacent meadow site as control area. We evaluated three ordination techniques (Principal Component Analysis, Detrended Correspondence Analysis, Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling) with varying values of gradient length, Kaiser-Guttman, Broken stick, 70% of variance, eigenvalues > 0.4, final stress in NMDS ordination and Procrustean analysis. Result showed that all three ordinations are able to illustrate length of environmental gradient, though Procrustean analysis of all three datasets revealed significant differences in correlation between ordination methods.  DCA had eigenvalues > 4.0, and the covered Kaiser-Guttman criterion with an axis. Moreover, final stress was < 10 in NMDS ordination, yet PCA covered Kaiser-Guttman and broken stick criteria at three axes. In conclusion, the most appropriate ordination methods across our test site included DCA and NMDS.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • PCA
  • DCA
  • NMDS
  • Procrustean analysis

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تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران
دوره 23، شماره 4
دی 1394
صفحه 637-646

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