بررسی نیاز رویشگاهی چتنه (Juniperus foetidissima) در ارسباران (استان آذربایجان شرقی)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی

2 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

3 کارشناس ‌ارشد پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی

چکیده

پژوهش پیش‌رو به‌منظور شناخت نیاز رویشگاهی گونه چتنه (Wild. Juniperus foetidissima) در جنگل‌های ارسباران انجام شد. مساحت منطقه مورد مطالعه 15000 هکتار بود که شامل زیرحوضه ستن‌چای از حوضه کلیبرچای به مساحت 13335هکتار و قسمتی از حوضه ایلگنه‌چای به مساحت 665 هکتار می‌باشد. در منطقه مورد نظر در داخل شکل‌های مختلف زمین‌ و در جهت‌های جغرافیایی متفاوت، 14 قطعه‌نمونه انتخاب شد. در داخل هر یک از قطعات نمونه فاکتورهای اکولوژیکی منطقه نظیر جهت دامنه، ارتفاع از سطح دریا، بافت خاک، میزان NPK، درصد کربن آلی، درصد مواد خنثی شونده، pH، EC و درصد گل اشباع و برخی مشخصات کمی (قطر و ارتفاع) درختان اندازه‌گیری شد. در منطقه مورد مطالعه، انتشار گونه چتنه در محدوده ارتفاعی 610 تا 1410 متر بالاتر از سطح دریا بود. بافت خاک لومی، لومی- رسی تا رسی بود و میزان ماده آلی آن از 1/4 تا 3/74 درصد متغیر بود. اسیدیته خاک رویشگاه‌های چتنه در ارسباران از 7/1 تا 7/8 متغیر است که نشان‌دهنده خنثی تا قلیایی بودن این خاک‌ها می‌باشد. قطر برابر سینه پایه‌ها بین 3 تا 24/5 سانتی‌متر در شکل‌های مختلف زمین در نوسان بود. بلندترین پایه‌های چتنه اندازه‌گیری شده با ارتفاع 12 متر در جهت جنوب شرقی و شرقی قرار داشتند. نتایج تجزیه به مؤلفه‌های اصلی (PCA) نشان داد که فاکتورهای درصد شن، درصد رس و میزان پتاسیم با مؤلفه یک و فاکتورهای اسیدیته، میزان مواد آلی و فسفر با مؤلفه دو همبستگی بیشتری داشتند و به‌ترتیب بیانگر خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمایی رویشگاه‌های مورد بررسی هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Site demands of a foetid juniper (Juniperus foetidissima Wild.) in Arasbaran, East Azerbaijan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tohid Ebrahimi Gajoti 1
  • Khosro Sagheb-Talebi 2
  • Ahmad Razban Haghighi 3
  • Naser Kasebi 3
  • Yousef Imani 1
1 Senior Research Expert, Research Division of Natural Resources, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Research Expert, Research Division of Natural Resources, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and ‎Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

    This paper aimed to study the ecological characteristics of foetid juniper (Juniperus foetidissima Wild.) in Arasbaran forests, north-west of Iran. The study area of 15000 ha includes 13335 ha in Sutan-chay sub-basin of Kaleibar Chai basin and 665 ha, a part of Ilganeh Chai basin. Fourteen plots were established in sites with different land forms and geographical aspects. A number of site factors including altitude, geographical aspect and slope gradient as well as soil properties including soil texture, K, P, N, organic matter, CaCo3, pH and EC were recorded. Moreover, quantitative characteristic including diameter and height of trees were measured in each plot. Results indicated that the distribution range of Juniperus foetidissima varied between 610 and 1410 meter above sea level. Soil texture was loam, loam-clay and clay. Moreover, soil organic matter varies between 1.4 and 3.74 percent. Soil pH varied between 7.1 and 7.8, which indicates neutral to light alkaline soil. The tallest tree of 12 m height was measured on southeast and east slopes. Also the diameter of trees varied between 3.0 and 24.5 cm in different land forms and geographical aspects. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) further grouped representative factors for physical and chemical soil characteristics. Therefore factors such as sand, clay and potassium content along axis 1, while pH, organic matter and phosphorus content were rather related to axis 2.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • East Azerbaijan Province
  • Arasbaran forests
  • Juniperus foetidissima
  • site demands

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