پاسخ برخی مشخصه های رویشی و مورفولوژیکی نونهال سمر (Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC.) تحت تأثیر عامل‌های بوم شناختی نور و رطوبت

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان

2 دانشجوی دکتری جنگلشناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان

3 دانشجوی دکتری جنگلداری، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان

چکیده

اهمیت نور و رطوبت به عنوان عامل‌های بوم­ شناختی ضروری برای رشد و تولید نهال­هایی با ویژگی­های کمی و کیفی بهتر ایجاب می­کند که مناسب­ترین ترکیب تیماری عامل‌های فوق برای هر گونه به‌طور علمی محاسبه شود. پژوهش پیش‌رو اثر برخی از تیمارهای مختلف شدت نور و دوره آبیاری را بر برخی از مشخصه­ های رویشی و مورفولوژیکی نونهال سمر (Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC.) مورد مطالعه قرار می­ دهد. بدین منظور بذرهای با مبدأ مشخص جمع­ آوری شدند و مطالعه به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی در سه مرحله نمونه­ برداری به اجرا در­آمد. در هر ترکیب تیماری از10 گلدان به‌عنوان 10 تکرار و درمجموع 180 گلدان استفاده شد. پس از کاشت، تیمارهای دوره آبیاری در دو سطح روزانه و یک روز در میان و شدت نور در سه سطح نور کامل، 75% نور کامل و 50% نور کامل اعمال شد. سپس مشخصه­ های کمی مورد بررسی با  نمونه ­برداری تصادفی از نونهال‌ها در سه مرحله اندازه­ گیری شد. براساس نتایج، در هر سه مرحله نمونه ­برداری، اعمال تیمارهای نور و رطوبت باعث ایجاد اختلاف معنی­ دار در اکثر مشخصه­ های رویشی و مورفولوژیکی مورد اندازه­ گیری شد، به‌طوری ‌که مناسب­ترین پاسخ مورفولوژیکی‌ رویشی مشخصه ­های کمی و شاخص کیفی نونهال سمر در پاسخ به تیمار نور کامل با آبیاری یک روز در میان مشاهده شد. اعمال تیمارها تأثیر معنی­ داری بر نسبت زی­ توده اندام هوایی به زی ­توده ریشه نداشت، اما باعث ایجاد اختلاف معنی­ دار در مقادیر ضریب کشیدگی نهال­ها شد. نتایج همچنین نشان داد که بیشترین میزان نرخ جذب خالص در تیمار نور کامل با آبیاری روزانه و بیشترین میزان نرخ رشد نسبی در تیمارهای نور کامل می‌باشد. با توجه به نتایج مشخص شد که گونه سمر نیاز به نور کامل دارد و سایه عاملی محدود کننده برای رشد نونهال­ های این گونه محسوب می­ شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Response of vegetative and morphological characteristics of common mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC.) seedling, under different humidity and light factors

نویسندگان [English]

  • Babak Pilevar 1
  • Hamzeh Jafari Sarabi 2
  • Zahra Mirazadi 3
1 Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Agriculture Faculty, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.‎
2 Ph.D. Student of Forestry, Agriculture Faculty, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
3 Ph.D. Student of Forestry, Agriculture Faculty, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

     Light and moisture are two important environmental factors that influence seedling growth, therefore the choice of appropriate combinations of these factors is important for afforestation projects. This study aimed to determine the effects of different light and moisture combination treatments on some morphologic and vegetative characteristics of common mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC.).To this aim, seeds were first collected in consistent region and season. The study was performed as a factorial experiment in a complete randomized design 180 plots distributed in 10 replicates. Two irrigation levels (daily and every other day) and three irradiance levels (full sunlight, 75% and 50% sunlight) were performed in six treatments. Quantitative characteristics of seedlings were measured three times by random sampling (10 seedlings from each treatment). At each measurement time, results showed significant differences in majority of the measured characteristics amongst the six treatments. The best response of vegetative traits and seedling quality index were observed by combining full sunlight and two-day irrigation interval. However, different treatments did not affect shoot/root biomass ratio, yet led to significant differences in seedlings slenderness coefficient. Results also showed that the highest net assimilation rate was observed under full sunlight and daily irrigation treatment. Moreover, the highest relative growth rate was observed in full sunlight treatments. This study concludes that shade is a restricting factor for growthof Prosopis juliflora seedlings, thus they entail full sunlight.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Seedling quality index
  • net assimilation rate
  • relative growth rate
  • nursery

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