ظرفیت نگهداری آب روی تاج پوشش و تأثیر آن بر باران ربایی توده کاج تهران در منطقه نیمه خشک

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جنگل‌داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

2 استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

تحقیق حاضر با هدف برآورد میزان ظرفیت نگهداری آب روی تاج‌پوشش و تاج‌بارش مستقیم در توده جنگل‌کاری شده کاج تهران (Pinuseldarica Medw.) در پارک جنگلی چیتگر واقع در منطقه نیمه‌خشک با بارندگی سالیانه 6/267 میلی‌متر و دمای سالیانه 2/17 درجه سانتی‌گراد انجام شد. میزان بارندگی در هر بارش توسط 6 عدد جمع‌آوری کننده باران در یک محیط باز واقع در نزدیکی توده هدف و تاج‌بارش توسط 45 عدد جمع‌آوری کننده نصب شده به‌صورت تصادفی در سطح توده، از مهر 1388 تا اردیبهشت 1389 اندازه‌گیری گردید و باران‌ربایی به‌طور غیرمستقیم با تفاضل تاج‌بارش از مقدار بارندگی در هر بارش برآورد شد. در این مدت، در مجموع 8/164 میلی‌متر باران ثبت شد که از این مقدار، 2/61 میلی‌متر آن به باران‌ربایی و 6/103 میلی‌متر آن به تاج‌بارش اختصاص یافت. مقدار ظرفیت نگهداری آب روی تاج‌پوشش با 3 روش غیرمستقیم (از نمودار رابطه بین تاج‌بارش و بارندگی در هر بارش) Leyton، Gash و Morton و Pypker- Jackson به‌ترتیب 7/1 میلی‌متر، 4/1 میلی‌متر و 8/1 میلی‌متر و ضریب تاج‌بارش مستقیم 1422/0 برآورد شد. در بارندگیهای بیش از 6/1 میلی‌متر و کمتر از 6/1 میلی‌متر، به‌ترتیب حدود 44 و 3/91 درصد از مقدار بارندگی در هر بارش به صورت باران‌ربایی از دسترس خارج شد. ظرفیت نگهداری آب روی تاج‌پوشش بخش قابل توجهی از باران‌ربایی را در توده جنگل‌کاری شده کاج تهران در منطقه نیمه‌خشک که رطوبت خاک یک فاکتور محدود کننده در رشد گیاه و تولید آن محسوب می‌شود، به خود اختصاص داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Canopy water storage capacity and it`s effect on rainfall interception in a Pinus eldarica plantation in a semi-arid climate zone

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryamossadat Motahari 1
  • Pedram Attarod 2
1 M.Sc. Student of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran
2 Assistant Prof., Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

Forest canopy rainfall interception loss (I) and canopy water storage capacity (S) are important components of the water balance in arid and semi-arid climate zones. The goal of this research was to quantify S and free throughfall (p) in a mature Pinus eldarica Medw. afforestation planted in the Chitgar Forest plantation near Tehran, Iran. Measurements of gross precipitation (GR (n=6)) and throughfall (TF (n=45)) were recorded on an event basis from September 2009 to April 2010. I was calculated as the difference between GR and TF. For the measurement period, GR totaled 164.8 mm and rainfall interception loss (I) was 61.2 mm. In this study S was estimated as 1.7 mm, 1.4 mm and 1.8 mm by methods of Leyton, Gash and Morton, and Pypker- Jackson, respectively. Free throughfall (p) was estimated 0.1422. I was estimated 44% and 91.3% of total GR for rainfall events sufficient to saturate the canopy (GR>1.6 mm) and insufficient to saturate the canopy (GR>1.6 mm), respectively. The results demonstrate that canopy storage capacity represents a considerable portion of intercepted rainfall from GR in P. eldarica plantation regions of the semi-arid climate zone of Iran where soil moisture is a limiting factor on plant growth and productivity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • interception
  • plantation
  • PINUS ELDARICA
  • canopy water storage capacity
  • semi-arid climate zone

مراجع

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