نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 نویسنده مسئول، مربی پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران
2 دانشیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
3 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، شهرکرد، ایران
4 کارشناس ارشد، اداره کل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، شهرکرد، ایران
5 محقق، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and objectives: Populus alba L. is the dominant poplar species grown in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran, typically planted using traditional methods. These methods result in trees with small diameters and tall heights, which are unsuitable for use in large-scale wood industries. There is a lack of comprehensive information regarding species type, tree age, current growth, annual yield, and harvest volume in the poplar plantations of the province. The primary objective of this research was to monitor and evaluate both quantitative and qualitative data on the current status of poplar cultivation in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province.
Methodology: This study was conducted in Farsan and Kiyar counties, which contain the largest areas of poplar plantations in the province. A total of 39 sample plots, ranging in size from 2,500 to 4,900 m², were selected based on plantation density. In group plantings, 9 trees were sampled at the beginning, 9 in the middle, and 9 at the end of each plot. In strip cultivation, linear sampling was conducted in two directions, east-west and north-south, selecting at least 15 trees along each line. Quantitative and qualitative variables of standing trees were recorded, including species type, age, planting density, propagation method (cuttings or seedlings), production system type (group, stand, or strip planting), planting location (field edges or windbreaks), diameter at breast height, height, and volume growth. Economic and social factors, such as harvest age and felling time, were also examined. Management practices, including irrigation, soil enhancement, and pest and disease control, were documented. Data were analyzed using random sampling classification methods.
Results: A comparison of tree age between group and strip planting methods showed that increasing tree diameter is limited in group plantings due to higher planting density. As a result, traditional group plantings lead to early harvesting of smaller-diameter trees. In contrast, strip planting allows for greater tree age and diameter, owing to wider spacing and lower density. In group plantings, with an average tree age of 8.5 years, the mean diameter at breast height was 8.3 cm, the average height was 12.2 m, and the mean volume per tree was 0.0427 m³. In strip plantings, the average tree age was 15.5 years, with a diameter of 18.86 cm, height of 16.1 m, and volume per tree of 0.227 m³. Three planting spacing types were identified across the province. The most common spacing was 1.5×1 m², used in 64.9% of plantations, while 1×0.5 m² spacing accounted for only 8.1%. The 1×1 m² spacing represented 27%. The highest and lowest planting densities were recorded in Farsan and Kiyar counties, with 6,214 and 5,275 trees per hectare, respectively.
Conclusion: Maximum wood production in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province can be achieved by integrating traditional knowledge with scientific cultivation methods. Based on the findings of this study, a poplar development program can be implemented, involving increased planting spacing to 2×2 m², soil enhancement according to soil analysis, regular pruning, and effective pest and disease management.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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