عدم کارایی نانواکسیدروی در ایجاد مقاومت به تنش خشکی در نهال‌های یک‌ساله آتریپلکس (.Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناس ارشد بیابان‌زدایی، دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران

2 نویسنده مسئول، استادیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه صنایع چوب و کاغذ، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه بیابان‌زدایی، دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران

5 دانشجوی دکتری علوم زیستی جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

10.22092/ijfpr.2023.362985.2111

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: با توجه به مقدار اندک نزولات آسمانی و وقوع خشک‌سالی‌ها، انجام طرح‌های بنیادین و شناسایی شیوه‌های نوین با هدف کاهش اثرات خشکی بر منابع تولید علوفه در کشوراهمیت ویژه‌ای دارند. ازجمله گیاهانی که به‌طور گسترده برای احیا مناطق بیابانی و مرتع‌کاری در ایران از سال‌های گذشته استفاده شده است، آتریپلکس (.Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt) است.
مواد و روش‌ها: به‌‌منظور بررسی اثرات نانواکسید‌‌روی بر متغیرهای رویشی و فیزیولوژیکی نهال‌‌های یک‌ساله آتریپلکس و کارایی آن در ایجاد مقاومت به تنش خشکی در این گیاه، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل نانواکسیدروی با غلظت‌های صفر، 30، 100، 300 و 1000 میلی‌‌گرم بر لیتر و آبیاری در چهار سطح 20، 40، 60 و 80 درصد ظرفیت زراعی بود.
نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که با کاهش رطوبت خاک، صفات رویشی نهال‌‌ها شامل تعداد شاخه، تعداد برگ، رشد قطری، وزن‌های تر و خشک اندام‌های هوایی و وزن‌های تر و خشک ریشه کاهش می‌یابند. به‌نحوی‌که بیشینه این مشخصه‌ها در تیمار آبیاری 80 درصد و کمترین آن در 20 درصد ظرفیت زراعی مشاهده شد. با افزایش تنش خشکی، ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیکی برگ مانند کلروفیل a، کلروفیل کل، کارتنوئید و پرولین به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش ‌یافتند. نتایج بررسی اثر نانواکسیدروی بر صفات رویشی و فیزیولوژی نهال‌های آتریپلکس نیز نشان داد که این نانوذره فقط بر کلروفیل a، کلروفیل کل و پرولین، اثر معنی‌دار داشت. به‌نحوی‌که بیشترین مقدار این صفات در نهال‌های شاهد و کمترین آن‌ها در تیمار نانواکسیدروی با غلظت 1000 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر مشاهده شد.
نتیجه‌گیری کلی: در کل، به‌دلیل اثرات بسیار ناچیز نانواکسیدروی، استفاده از آن برای افزایش مقاومت به تنش خشکی آتریپلکس پیشنهاد نمی‌شود.

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Inefficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles in creating resistance to drought stress in one-year seedlings of saltbush (Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • J. Sadeghzadeh 1
  • D. Kartoolinejad 2
  • H. Younesi Kord Khili 3
  • A.A. Zolfaghari 4
  • E. Nikouee 5
1 1- M.Sc. Graduate of Desertification, Faculty of Desert Studies, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
2 Corresponding author, Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Desert Studies, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
3 Associate Prof., Department of Wood and Paper Sciences and Technology, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
4 Associate Prof., Department of Desertification, Faculty of Desert Studies, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
5 Ph.D. Student of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and objectives: Given the low precipitation and frequent occurrence of droughts in Iran, it is crucial to devise basic plans and identify new methods to mitigate the effects of drought on fodder production resources. Saltbush (Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.), extensively cultivated in Iran for desert restoration, is one such plant.
Methodology: To investigate the effects of nano-zinc oxide and its efficacy in creating resistance to drought stress on the growth and physiological variables of one-year-old saltbush seedlings, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. The experimental treatments included seed nano priming using nano-zinc oxide at concentrations of 0, 30, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/liter, and drought stress at four levels of field capacity: 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%.
Results: The results showed that as soil moisture decreased, the growth characteristics of seedlings, including the number of branches, leaves, collar diameter growth, fresh and dry weight of aerial parts, and fresh and dry weight of roots, decreased. The highest values of these characteristics were observed in the 80% treatment and the lowest in the 20% field capacity. With increasing drought stress, leaf physiological characteristics such as chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, and proline increased. The investigation into the effect of nano-zinc oxide on the growth characteristics and physiology of saltbush seedlings revealed that this nanoparticle significantly affected only chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, and proline. The highest amount was observed in the control seedlings, and the lowest was in the nano-zinc oxide treatment with a concentration of 1000 mg/liter.
Conclusion: In general, due to the very insignificant effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles observed in this research, their use to increase the resistance of saltbush to drought stress is not recommended.
Keywords: Environmental stress, field capacity, proline, seedling growth, total chlorophyll.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Seedling growth
  • environmental stresses
  • proline
  • total chlorophyll
  • field capacity
  • zinc nano oxide

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