بازسازی بارش با استفاده از گاه‌شماری درختان ارس (.Juniperus polycarpos K.Koch) در استان خراسان شمالی

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

3 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

4 نویسنده مسئول، دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

10.22092/ijfpr.2023.361515.2089

چکیده

یکی از مهم‌ترین چالش‌های پژوهش‌های اقلیمی در ایران، عدم دسترسی به داده‌های اقلیمی بلندمدت است. اقلیم‌شناسی درختی با بررسی اثرات اقلیمی بر حلقه‌های رویشی سالانه درختان، امکان بازسازی دما و بارندگی دوره‌های گذشته را فراهم می‌کند. هدف اصلی این پژوهش، بازسازی داده‌های بارش با استفاده از پهنای دایره‌های سالانه درختان ارس (Juniperus polycarpos K.Koch.) در منطقه قرخود واقع در شمال غربی استان خراسان شمالی بود. پس از تهیه نمونه‌ها با مته سال‌سنج از درختان ارس و آماده‌سازی اولیه، پهنای دایره‌های سالانه توسط دستگاه LINTAB اندازه‌گیری شد و همخوانی زمانی آن‌ها با نرم‌افزار TSAPWIN بررسی شد. گاه‌‌شماری نهایی با استفاده از نرم‌افزار ARSTAN و برمبنای بازسازی وضعیت اقلیمی طی سال‌های 1850 تا 2020 انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که پهنای دایره‌های سالانه ارس، تحت تأثیر نوسان‌های دما نبوده‌اند، اما مجموع بارش ماه‌های ژانویه (دی) تا مه (اردیبهشت)، بیشینه ضریب همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌دار را با رویش این درختان نشان داد. بین ماه‌های سال، بیشترین همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌دار با پهنای دایره‌های سالانه ارس متعلق به فوریه (بهمن)، مارس (اسفند)، آوریل (فروردین) و مه (اردیبهشت) بود. طی دوره مورد مطالعه، هشت سال جزء سال‌های نمادین مثبت و نُه سال به‌عنوان سال‌های نمادین منفی بازسازی شدند. بیشینه و کمینه بارش به‌ترتیب به سال‌های 1864 و 1917 تعلق داشت. به‌طورکلی، رویش درختان ارس در منطقه مورد مطالعه اغلب تحت تأثیر مشخصه بارندگی بوده است. به این صورت که با افزایش بارندگی، شرایط مناسب برای فعالیت کامبیوم‌ها فراهم می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Reconstruction of precipitation using the chronology of juniper trees (Juniperus polycarpus) in North Khorasan Province, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Fallah 1
  • M. Nadi 2
  • M. Imani 3
  • S.K. Hamidi 4
1 Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari - Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
2 Assistant Prof., Department of Water Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
3 Ph.D. Graduate, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
4 Corresponding author, Ph.D. Graduate, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the most important challenges of climate studies in Iran is the lack of access to long-term climate data. Tree climatology, by examining the effects of climate on the annual rings of trees, provides the possibility of reconstructing the temperature and precipitation of past periods. The main goal of this study is to reconstruct precipitation from the width of annual circles of juniper trees (Juniperus polycarpus K.Koch) in the Garkhod region, located in the northwest of Khorasan province in Iran. The samples were prepared from the juniper trees with a chronometer drill and after initial preparation, they were read by LINTAB device and their time agreement was checked with TSAPWIN software. The final chronology was prepared using ARSTAN software and based on reconstructing the precipitation in the period 1850-2020. The results showed that the widths of juniper annual circles were not affected by temperature fluctuations. Still, the total precipitation of January-May showed the maximum positive and significant correlation coefficient with the growth of these trees. Between the months of the year, February, March, April, and May had the most positive and significant correlation with the width of the annual circles. In general, during the period of 1850-2020, 8 years except for positive symbolic years and 9 years were reconstructed as negative years. The highest precipitation occurred in 1864 and the lowest in 1917. It can be said that the precipitation influences the growth of juniper trees in the region. In this way, suitable conditions for the activity of cambiums are provided with the increase in precipitation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Tree climatology
  • Width of annual circles
  • Growth rings
  • Climatic variables
  • Time adaptation

مراجع

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