تأثیر نحوه جداسازی پریکارپ و رژیم‌ آبیاری بر نهال‎های حرا (Avicennia marina Forssk. Vierh.) در نهالستان

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت و کنترل بیابان، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

2 نویسنده مسئول، استادیار، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

3 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان هرمزگان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج

10.22092/ijfpr.2023.361316.2084

چکیده

تولید نهال به‌شیوه صحیح به استقرار بهتر آن در عرصه و احیا بوم‌سازگان‌های جنگلی شکننده در جنوب کشور، کمک شایانی می‎کند. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی اثرات جداسازی پریکارپ از پروپاگول‎های حرا (.Avicennia marina  Forssk. Vierh) و رژیم‌های آبیاری و نیز اثرات متقابل آن‎ها بر درصد جوانه‎زنی و برخی از ویژگی‌های رویشی نهال‎های حرا در نهالستان بود. پس از جنگل‌گردشی در یک رویشگاه حرا در شهرستان سیریک از توابع استان هرمزگان و انتخاب 30 درخت سالم و بالغ حرا، پروپاگول‎ها جمع‎آوری شدند. طرح آماری فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی اجرا شد. به‌منظور جداسازی پریکارپ، پروپاگول‌ها در سه پیش‌تیمار شامل صددرصد آب شیرین، 50 (50 درصد آب دریا + 50 درصد آب شیرین) و صددرصد آب دریا به‌مدت 48 ساعت قرار داده شدند. پیش‌تیمار چهارم نیز به جداسازی دستی پریکارپ اختصاص داده شد. پس از کشت در گلدان‎های پلاستیکی، آن‌ها با چهار تیمار شامل دوبار در روز، روزانه، یک روز در میان و دو روز در میان آبیاری شدند و درصد جوانه‎زنی آن‎ها به‎مدت چهار هفته شمارش شد. پس از دوبرگی شدن نهال‎ها، قطر یقه و ارتفاع آن‎ها در ابتدای دوره ثبت شد. در پایان شش ماه نیز ویژگی‌های رویشی نهال‌ها اندازه‎گیری و با استفاده از آنالیز GLM تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشینه درصد جوانه‎زنی و ویژگی‌های رویشی نهال‎های حرا متعلق به پیش‌تیمار جداسازی پریکارپ با 50 درصد آب دریا و 50 درصد آب شیرین بود. همچنین، درصد جوانه‎زنی (5/92 و 66/91 درصد)، رویش قطری (79/0 و 74/0 میلی‎متر)، رویش ارتفاعی (27/8 و 63/7 سانتی‎متر)، طول ریشه (35/15 و 51/15 سانتی‎متر) و تعداد برگ (13/8 و 63/7) پس از شش ماه به‎ترتیب در رژیم‌های آبیاری دوبار در روز و یک‌بار در روز، بیشترین مقدار را داشتند. به‌طورکلی، رژیم آبیاری روزانه و جداسازی پریکارپ با استفاده از 50 درصد آب دریا و 50 درصد آب شیرین می‎تواند در تولید نهال‌های حرا در نهالستان مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of pericarp removal methods and irrigation regime on Avicennia marina Forssk. Vierh. seedlings in the nursery

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Mohebi 1
  • M. Rezai 2
  • M. Moslehi 3
1 M.Sc. Student of Desert Management and Control, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan, Bandarabbas, Iran
2 Corresponding author, Assistant Prof., Department of Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan, Bandarabbas. Iran
3 Assistant Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Bandarabbas, Iran
چکیده [English]

    Producing seedlings using the correct methods can aid in their better establishment in their habitats and help restore the fragile mangrove forests of southern Iran. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different methods of pericarp removal, irrigation regimes, and their interaction on germination percentage and some vegetative characteristics of Avicennia marina Forssk. Vierh. in the nursery. To achieve this goal, 30 healthy and mature trees were selected from the Sirik forest in Hormozgan province, Iran, and propagules were collected from them. The researchers used a completely randomized factorial design to study the effects of the treatments. Four pretreatments were tested for pericarp removal: pre-soaking propagules in 100% fresh water, 50% fresh water + 50% seawater, 100% sea water for 48 hours, and manually removing the pericarps. The propagules were then planted in plastic pots and irrigated twice a day, daily, every other day, or every three days. The seed germinations were measured for four weeks, and after two leaves appeared, collar diameter and height were recorded at the beginning and end of the six-month period. The results showed that seed germination and the vegetative characteristics of Avicennia marina Forssk. Vierh. seedlings were higher in the 50% fresh water + 50% seawater pretreatment. Additionally, germination, diameter growth, height growth, root length, and leaf number of the seedlings after six months were significantly higher with twice-a-day and daily irrigation regimes. Overall, the best conditions for producing Avicennia marina Forssk. Vierh. seedlings in the nursery were daily irrigation and pericarp removal using 50% fresh water + 50% seawater treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Diameter growth
  • germination
  • height growth
  • mangrove
  • propagule

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