ارزیابی روند تغییرات ویژگی‌های شیمیایی و زیستی خاک جنگل‌های بلوط ایرانی (.Quercus brantii Lindl) در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول، استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناس پژوهشی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، شهرکرد، ایران

4 دانشیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

10.22092/ijfpr.2023.360374.2075

چکیده

تخریب جنگل‌‌ها سبب تخریب خاک به‌‌عنوان اساس حیات بوم‌سازگان‌های زمینی می‌‌شود، بنابراین پایش و ارزیابی روند تغییرات در طی زمان می‌‌تواند با ارائه اطلاعات علمی مانع از تخریب خاک و آسیب این بوم‌سازگان‌ها شود. در این پژوهش، ویژگی‌های شیمیایی و زیستی خاک در دو رویشگاه بلوط ایرانی (Quercus brantii Lindl) به‌نام‌‌های چری و مورز در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری بررسی شد. پس از جمع‌آوری نمونه‌‌های خاک از عمق صفر تا 10 سانتی‌متری در سال‌های 1398 و 1400، ویژگی‌های شیمیایی و زیستی آن‌ها اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج مربوط به رویشگاه چری حاکی از افزایش معنی‌دار مقدار چهار متغیر کربن آلی، ماده آلی، تنفس برانگیخته و پتانسیل نیتریفیکاسیون در سال دوم پایش نسبت به سال اول بود. افزایش این متغیرها را می‌‌توان به‌دلیل تنوع گونه‌‌ای زیادتر، درصد تاج‌پوشش بیشتر و حفاظت نسبی رویشگاه چری دانست. در رویشگاه مورز فقط هدایت الکتریکی و وزن خشک خاک، تغییر معنی‌‌داری را در سال دوم نسبت به سال اول نشان دادند که می‌‌تواند ناشی از کاهش بارندگی و چرای دام باشد. به‌نظر می‌‌رسد که روند تغییرات مثبت در رویشگاه چری سبب بهبود کیفیت برخی از ویژگی‌‌های خاک شده است. به‌طورکلی، مدیریت مبتنی‌بر حفاظت از رویشگاه‌های زاگرس با تأثیر مثبت خود بر ویژگی‌های زیستی و شیمیایی خاک می‌‌تواند نقش قابل‌توجهی در سلامت درختان بلوط که با معضل زوال بلوط درگیر هستند، داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of changes in the chemical and biological soil properties of Brant`s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) forests in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Teimouri 1
  • T. Alizadeh 2
  • Y. Iranmanesh 3
  • M.S. Sadgezdeh Hallaj 2
  • M. Pourhashemi 4
1 Corresponding author, Assistant Prof., Forest Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agriculture, Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Research Expert, Forest Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agriculture, Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shahrekord, Iran
4 Associate Prof., Forest Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agriculture, Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Forest destruction causes soil destruction as the basis of terrestrial ecosystem life. Therefore, monitoring the soil and evaluating the process of changes over time can prevent the destruction of the soil and consequently the ecosystems with scientific data. In this study, the chemical and biological properties of soil were investigated in two Brant's oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) sites, Chari and Mavarz, as a part of Zagros Forests in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. Soil samples were collected from a depth of 0-10 cm and chemical and biological characteristics were measured in two years 2019 and 2021. The results in Chari site showed that the values of organic carbon, organic matter, substrate induced respiration, and nitrification potential increased significantly in the second year compared to the first year. This finding can be attributed to the more species diversity, higher canopy percentage, and relative protection of the Chari site. While in Mavarz site, only electrical conductivity and dry weight of soil showed significant changes in the second year compared to the first year which could be caused by livestock grazing and decrease in rainfall. The trend of changes in the Chari site has been positive which made improvement of some soil characteristics. Generally, management based on protecting the Zagros habitats as well as its positive effect on the biological and chemical characteristics of the soil can have a significant role in the health of oak trees which are encountering the oak decline.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Basal respiration
  • monitoring
  • nitrification potential
  • organic carbon
  • protection

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