ویژگی‌‌های کمی و تنوع گونه‌‌ای توده‌‌های شاخه‌‌زاد در جنگل‌‌های ارسباران

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اهر، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 نویسنده مسئول، دانش‌‌آموخته دکتری جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه،‌ ارومیه

10.22092/ijfpr.2023.360530.2076

چکیده

مطالعه ساختار جنگل‌‌ها در شناسایی توده‌ها و تدوین برنامه‌‌های مناسب مدیریتی، بسیار کارآمد است. در پژوهش پیش‌رو، ویژگی‌های کمی و تنوع ‌‌گونه‌‌ای درختی و درختچه‌ای در توده‌‌های شاخه‌‌زاد جنگل‌‌های ارسباران در استان آذربایجان شرقی بررسی شد. ابتدا، 24 قطعه‌‌نمونه مربعی‌شکل نیم‌هکتاری در توده‌های مذکور به‌روش تصادفی- منظم پیاده شد. سپس، مشخصه‌‌های کمی جست‌های هر قطعه‌نمونه شامل گونه، تعداد جست در هر جست‌‌گروه، قطر و ارتفاع جست‌‌گروه اندازه‌‌گیری شد. برای بررسی تنوع زیستی از شش شاخص‌‌ تنوع سیمپسون و شانون- وینر، غنای مارگالف و منهنیک و یکنواختی پایلو و هیل استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که اوری (Quercus macranthera Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Hohen.) (1/61 درصد)، گونه غالب درختی و ممرز (Carpinus betulus L.) (2/12 درصد)، افرا کرب (Acer campestre L.) (4/10 درصد) و هفت‌کول (Viburnum lantana L.) (2/3 درصد) جزء گونه‌‌های همراه بودند. میانگین ارتفاع و قطر برابر سینه جست‌گروه‌‌ها به‌‌‌ترتیب 08/5 متر و 53/10 سانتی‌‌متر به‌‌دست آمد. بیشترین و کمترین مقدار تنوع زیستی به‌ترتیب متعلق به شاخص‌های پایلو (42/1) و منهنیک (31/0) بودند. به‌طورکلی، توده‌‌های شاخه‌‌زاد مورد مطالعه، تنوع زیستی مناسبی داشتند. بااین‌حال، منحنی پراکنش قطری نیمه‌زنگوله‌ای‌شکل و متوسط قطر جست‌‌گروه‌ها نشان‌‌دهنده توده‌های همسال و جوان است. این ساختار می‌‌تواند به‌دنبال عدم مدیریت اصولی و شدت زیاد تخریب در این جنگل‌‌ها ایجاد شده باشد.
اوری، تنوع زیستی، جست‌‌گروه، جنگل شاخه‌‌زاد

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Quantitative characteristics and species diversity of coppice stands in the Arasbaran forests, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Ghanbari 1
  • A. Esmaili 2
1 Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Ahar, Iran
2 Corresponding author, Ph.D. Candidate of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Forest structural analysis is essential in stands identification and development of appropriate management plans. This research at studying the quantitative characteristics as well as tree and shrub species diversity of the coppice stands of Arasbaran forests in East Azerbaijan province. To this aim, 24 sample plots with an area of ​​½ ha were systematically and randomly surveyed in the coppice stands by the full calipering method. The quantitative characteristics of the stand including species, the number of sprouts per sprout-clump, diameter and height of the sprout-clump were measured. The six indices of Simpson and Shannon-Wiener diversity, Margalef and Menhinick richness, and Peilou and Hill evenness were used to investigate biodiversity. Results showed that Quercus macranthera Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Hohen. (61.1%) was the dominant species, followed by Carpinus orientalis Mill. (12.2%), Acer campestre L. (10.4%) and Viburnum lantana L. (3.2%) as the associated species with higher frequencies. The average height and diameter at the breast height of the sprout-clumps were 5.08 m and 10.53 cm, respectively. The highest and lowest values of the biodiversity indices were returned by Peilou (1.42) and the Menhinick (0.31) indices, respectively. Results suggested a suitable level of biodiversity of the coppice stands. However, the semi-bell-shaped curve of diameter frequency distribution and the average sprout-clump diameter indicated the young even-aged stands. This structure might be caused by the lack of sound management and the severe degradation in these forests.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biodiversity
  • coppice forest
  • Quercus macranthera
  • sprout-clump

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