بررسی شرایط رویشگاهی آلبالوی خراسانی (Prunus chorassanica (Pojark.) A.E.Murray) در رویشگاه‌های طبیعی استان خراسان ‌‌رضوی

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول، استادیار پژوهشی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار پژوهشی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران

10.22092/ijfpr.2022.360363.2072

چکیده

پژوهش پیش‌رو با هدف شناسایی شرایط رویشگاهی آلبالوی خراسانی (Prunus chorassanica (Pojark.) A.E.Murray) به‌عنوان یک درختچه انحصاری ایران در استان خراسان رضوی انجام شد. پس از استقرار سه ترانسکت 100 متری در سه رویشگاه طبیعی این گونه در شهرستان درگز، 10 قطعه‌نمونه پنج متر مربعی در امتداد هر ترانسکت پیاده شد. در قطعه‌نمونه‌ها، درصد تاج‌پوشش و تراکم گونه‌های گیاهی به‌روش تصادفی- منظم نمونه‌برداری شد. همچنین، شرایط بوم‌شناختی رشد و پراکنش آلبالوی خراسانی شامل ویژگی‌های اقلیمی، توپوگرافی و خاک رویشگاه‌ها بررسی شد. پوشش گیاهی گونه مذکور در سه رویشگاه مورد بررسی بین 87/7 تا 7/11 درصد و تراکم آن نیز بین 50 تا 75 پایه در هکتار متغیر بود. متوسط درصد شن، سیلت و رس خاک رویشگاه‌های این درختچه به‌ترتیب 34، 5/38 و 5/27 درصد و بافت خاک آن از نوع لومی به‌دست آمد. متوسط pH و هدایت الکتریکی خاک نیز به‌ترتیب 73/7 و 8/0 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر بودند. این گونه در ارتفاع بیشتر از 2000 متر از سطح دریا، شیب بین 30 تا 55 درصد و اغلب در جهت شمالی حضور دارد. باتوجه‌به ارزش زیاد آلبالوی خراسانی، ضروری است در قالب اقدام برای حفاظت در خارج از رویشگاه اصلی، بذرهای آن جمع‌آوری و در بانک ژن منابع طبیعی ایران ذخیره شوند. همچنین، پیشنهاد می‌شود که پایه‌هایی از آن در باغ گیاه‌شناسی ملی ایران کاشته شوند تا در صورت لزوم، امکان احیای دوباره جمعیت آن در طبیعت وجود داشته باشد.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the habitat conditions of Prunus chorassanica (Pojark.) A.E.Murray in the natural habitats of the Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • N. Azizi 1
  • R. Yari 2
  • S.M. Mirmiran 2
1 Corresponding author, Assistant Prof., Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran
2 Assistant Prof., Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Aiming to understand the habitat conditions of Prunus chorassanica (Pojark.) A.E.Murray as an endemic shrub species of Iran, this study was conducted in Khorasan Razavi Province. To measure the canopy coverage percentage and density of plant species in the three studied sites located in Dargaz County, three transects of 100 meters were established. Along each transect, a 5 m2 plot was established every ten meters and sampling was done by systematic random method. Also, the ecological conditions of the species growth and distribution; including climate, topography and edaphic characteristics of the sites were investigated. The canopy cover of P. chorassanica in the three studied sites were 7.87 to 11.7% and the density were between 50 to 75 tree per ha. In the shrub's sites, 34, 38.5 and 27.5% of the soil was sand, silt and clay and the desired soil texture was loam. The average pH and electrical conductivity of the soil are equal to 7.73 and 0.8 dS/m, respectively. This species grows and spreads in altitudes above 2000 meters and on slopes between 30 and 55%, generally in the northern direction. Considering the value of this species, in the form of action for protection outside the main site, it is necessary to collect the seeds of this species and store them in the Iran's Natural Resources Gene Bank. Also, it should be planted in the National Botanical Garden of Iran so that, if necessary, it is possible to revive its population in nature.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecological condition
  • edaphic characteristics
  • endemic species
  • habitat
  • Irano-Turanian

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