برآورد تغییر ارزش خدمات حفاظت خاک و آب در بوم‌‌سازگان جنگلی زاگرس تحت سناریوهای تغییر تاج‌‌پوشش درختی

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول، استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌‌ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران

2 استاد، گروه جنگل‌‌داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

باتوجه‌‌به وضعیت خاص اجتماعی- اقتصادی حاکم‌‌بر جنگل‌‌های زاگرس و شدت وابستگی معیشتی مردم محلی به آن‌‌ها، شرایط لازم برای تشدید بهره‌‌برداری و کاهش خدمات این بوم‌‌سازگان‌‌ وجود دارد. هدف پژوهش  پیش‌رو، برآورد اقتصادی ارزش خدمات حفاظت خاک و آب به‌‌عنوان مهم‌‌ترین کارکردهای تنظیمی جنگل‌‌های زاگرس در حوضه سروآباد استان کردستان است. برای ‌‌این منظور، تغییرات ارزش این کارکردها در دو سناریو شامل افزایش تاج‌‌پوشش جنگل‌‌های مورد مطالعه به 30 تا 50 درصد (سناریو اول) و تبدیل آن‌‌ها به جنگل‌‌های تنک با تاج‌‌پوشش پنج درصد (سناریو دوم) بررسی شد. براساس نتایج به‌‌دست‌‌آمده، ارزش میانگین سالانه‌‌ برای خدمات حفاظت خاک (حفظ اراضی در برابر فرسایش و کنترل رسوب) و آب در حوضه سروآباد به‌‌ترتیب برابر با 82/27002 و 790000 ریال در هکتار بودند. در صورت بروز سناریو اول، ارزش سالانه کارکردهای حفاظت خاک و آب به‌‌ترتیب 83/34 و 96/29 درصد افزایش خواهند یافت، درحالی‌‌که با فرض سناریو دوم به‌‌ترتیب 3/37 و 54/33 درصد از ارزش این کارکردها کاسته می‌شود. کاهش ارزش خدمات بوم‌‌سازگان مورد مطالعه در اثر سناریو کاهش تاج‌‌پوشش درختی در این منطقه تأکیدی بر اهمیت حفاظت، احیا و بازسازی جنگل‌‌های زاگرس برای تداوم خدمات ارزشمند آن است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing value changes of soil and water conservation services of Zagros Forests under canopy cover change scenarios

نویسندگان [English]

  • J. Henareh Khalyani 1
  • M. Makhdoum 2
  • M. Namiranian 2
1 Corresponding author, Assistant Prof., Forests and Rangelands Research Department, West Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Urmia, Iran
2 Prof., Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

     The socioeconomic situation in the Zagros Forests has provided conditions for the overexploitation in this region, which has raised concerns about the intensified decline of ecosystem services in these forests. In this study, soil and water protection services (as the most important regulatory functions of the Zagros Forests) were economically estimated in the Sarvabad basin of Kurdistan province. Then, the trend of change in their values was examined in two scenarios of 1) reaching all the forests of the basin with 30-50% canopy (first scenario) and 2) conversion of forests to sparse forests with 5% canopy (second scenario). The results showed that the average annual value for soil protection, i.e. preventing land loss and sediment control is 27002.82 IRR per ha, while the average annual value for water protection is 790000 IRR per ha. We also estimated the changes in the total annual value of soil protection function by assuming the first scenario, which increased by 34.83%. In case of the second scenario, it decreased by 37.3%. Moreover, the first scenario was able to add 29.96% to the value of the water protection function of these forests, whereas 33.54% of the value of the water protection function decreased for the second scenario. Decrease in the value of ecosystem services due to the tree canopy reduction in this study emphasizes the importance of protection and restoration of the Zagros Forests ecosystem to maintain and provide valuable ecosystem services.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Canopy cover
  • scenario
  • value of ecosystem services

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