تأثیر جنگل‌کاری با گونه‌های پهن‌‌برگ و سوزنی‌‌برگ بر پایداری خاکدانه‌‌ها و ترسیب کربن خاک در منطقه ریمله خرم‌آباد

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ‌‌ارشد جنگل‌‌شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌‌آباد، ایران

2 نویسنده مسئول، دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌‌آباد، ایران

3 دکتری جنگل‌‌شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، اداره کل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری استان لرستان، خرم‌‌آباد، ایران

چکیده

در پژوهش پیش‌رو اثر جنگل‌کاری با گونه‌های پهن‌‌برگ و سوزنی‌‌برگ بر برخی ویژگی‌های خاک در جنگل‌‌کاری‌‌های منطقه ریمله خرم‌آباد بررسی شد. این پژوهش در قالب یک طرح کامل تصادفی با چهار تیمار سرو نقره‌‌ای، کاج بروسیا، بادام کوهی و منطقه شاهد در چهار تکرار انجام شد. پس از اندازه‌گیری ویژگی‌های اشکوب درختی شامل قطر برابرسینه، سطح تاج و ارتفاع در هر قطعه‌نمونه (20×20 متر مربع)، دو نمونه‌ ترکیبی خاک نیز از عمق‌های صفر تا 10 و 10 تا 20 سانتی‌متری برداشت شد. در این نمونه‌ها، نسبت‌‌ اندازه‌های خاکدانه‌‌ و شن خاک، بُعد فراکتال، میانگین وزنی (MWD) و هندسی قطر (GMD) خاکدانه‌ها به‌همراه ترسیب کربن خاک اندازه‌‌گیری شدند و با استفاده از تجزیه واریانس دوطرفه مقایسه شدند. براساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، خاکدانه‌‌های درشت (بیشتر از 2000 میکرومتر) و ریز (کمتر از 53 میکرومتر) و پایداری آن‌ها در خاک تیپ‌های بادام کوهی و کاج بروسیا به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از خاک سرو نقره‌‌ای و منطقه شاهد شدند. سرو نقره‌‌ای فقط مقدار خاکدانه‌‌های ریز خاک (53 تا 250 و کمتر از 53 میکرومتر) را به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش داد. همچنین، بادام کوهی سبب افزایش معنی‌دار میانگین‌های وزنی و هندسی قطر خاکدانه‌‌ها و ترسیب کربن خاک (حدود 22 تن در هکتار) شد. به‌طور‌کلی در کوتاه‌‌مدت، بادام کوهی و کاج بروسیا نسبت به سرو نقره‌‌ای و منطقه شاهد با افزایش کربن آلی خاک سبب بهبود سریع‌تر پایداری خاکدانه‌‌ها و ویژگی‌های خاک ‌‌شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of reforestation by broadleaf and coniferous species on aggregate stability and soil carbon sequestration in the Rimaleh, Khorramabad, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Zeidi Joodaki 1
  • B. Pilehvar 2
  • H. Jafari Sarabi 3
1 M.Sc. Student of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
2 Corresponding author, Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
3 Ph.D. of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Lorestan Natural Resources and Watershed Management Administration, Khorramabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

     This study investigated the effects of reforestation by native broadleaf and exotic coniferous species on some soil properties at Rimaleh plantations, Khorramabad County, Iran. The experiment was performed by using a completely randomized design with Arizona cypress (Cupressus arizonica Greene), Turkish pine (Pinus brutia Ten.), wild almond (Amygdalus scoparia Spach) and control treatments in four replications. Each replication consisted of a 20  20 m2 plot. Diameter at breast height, canopy cover, and tree height were measured at each plot. Two combined soil specimens were sampled at the two distinct 0-10, and 10-20 cm depths in each treatment replication. The two-way ANOVA was used to compare the ratio of aggregate size and sand proportion, fractal dimension, the mean weight diameter (MWD) of aggregates, geometric mean diameter (GMD) of aggregates, and carbon sequestration among tree species and sampling depths. Results showed that wild almond and Turkish pine plantations play a major role in the development and sustainability of both coarse (more than 2000 µm) and fine (less than 53 µm) aggregates. The Arizona cypress plantations only led to increase of fine aggregates (53-250 and less than 53 µm). A significant increase also was observed in the MWD and GMD of aggregates, and the carbon sequestration in the wild almond plantation soil. In a short time, the wild almond and Turkish pine plantations added more organic carbon to the soil and improved both the soil properties and the stability of aggregates in comparison to the Arizona cypress and control treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Forest soil
  • fractal dimension
  • geometric mean diameter of aggregates
  • Lorestan Province
  • mean weight diameter of aggregates

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