ارزیابی تغییرات کمی سطح و ارتفاع تاج درختان بلوط (.Quercus spp) در فرایند گلازنی

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌‌آموخته‌‌ کارشناسی ‌‌ارشد جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشگاه کردستان و مرکز پژوهش و توسعه جنگل‌داری زاگرس شمالی، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

در پژوهش پیش‌‌رو، تغییرات کمی مشخصه‌های ارتفاع تاج و سطح تاج درختان وی‌ول (Quercus libani Oliv.) و مازودار (Q. infectoria Oliv.) بر اثر فرایند گلازنی در جنگل‌های آرمرده شهرستان بانه بررسی شد. در شهریور 1395، دو توده‌ که سه سال از آخرین گلازنی در آن‌ها گذشته بود، طی دو نوبت (پیش و بلافاصله پس از انجام گلازنی) آماربرداری صد‌در‌صد شدند و برای همه درختان با قطر برابر سینه مساوی و بیشتر از پنج سانتی‌متر، مشخصه‌‌های قطر‌، ارتفاع کل و ارتفاع و قطر تاج در دو جهت عمود بر هم اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که به‌طور متوسط، ارتفاع تاج و سطح تاج درختان بلوط در فرایند گلازنی به‌ترتیب 15/73 و 30/06 درصد کم می‌شوند. در هر دو گونه بررسی‌‌شده، سطح تاج به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از ارتفاع تاج کاهش یافت، اما تفاوت معنی‌داری بین مازودار و وی‌ول مشاهده نشد. بیشترین کاهش ارتفاع تاج (27/99 درصد) و سطح تاج (44/85 درصد) به‌ترتیب در طبقه‌های قطری 35 سانتی‌متر در مازودار و 55 سانتی‌متر در وی‌ول مشاهده شد. با توجه ‌به کاهش بیشتر سطح تاج نسبت ‌به ارتفاع تاج درختان بلوط در اثر گلازنی لازم است با روش‌‌هایی مانند خلف‌گیری (باقی گذاشتن یک و گاهی دو جست در هر شاخه از تاج در انتهای تنه) تاحدی کاهش سطح تاج جبران شود. ایجاد رویکرد مشارکتی در چهارچوب یک سیاست جنگل‌داری گذار به‌عنوان راهکاری مناسب برای حفظ جنگل‌های زاگرس پیشنهاد می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing quantitative changes in crown area and height of oaks (Quercus spp.) during pollarding process

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sh. Amjadi 1
  • L. Ghahramany 2
  • H. Ghazanfari 2
1 M.Sc. of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan and the Center of Research and Development on Forest Management in Northern Zagros, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study is to investigate the quantitative changes in the biometric indices of Lebanon oak (Quercus libani Oliv.) and gall oak (Q. infectoria Oliv.) during pollarding process. In a part of the two pollarded strands in northern Zagros of Iran, in which three years had passed from its last pollarding, the name of woody species was recorded and diameter (dbh), total and crown heights, and two perpendicular crown diameters were measured before and after pollarding in a full callipering assessment of all trees (dbh ≥ 5 cm). The results showed that in the pollarding process, crown height and crown area of oak trees decreased on average 15.73 and 30.06%, respectively. In both studied species, the reduction of crown area is significantly more than the crown height. In terms of reduction in crown height and crown area, there was no significant difference between Q. infectoria and Q. libani trees. The most decrease in crown height (27.99%) and crown area (44.85%) indices on diameter classes are related to Q. infectoria trees belonging to the 35 cm diameter class and Q. libani trees belonging to the 55 cm diameter class, respectively. The results indicate a higher decrease in the crown area compares to the crown height of oak trees due to pollarding practice; therefore, it is necessary to partially compensate for this decrease in the crown area by leaving some branches during each pollarding operation, because preserving the canopy is very important for Zagros-forest ecosystems. The only way to conserve these resources is to create a participatory approach as part of the transitional forest policy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Armardeh
  • biometric index
  • northern Zagros
  • pollarded stand
  • Quercus infectoria
  • Q. libani

مراجع

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