بررسی نقش اسکله بر ویژگی‌‌های رویشی و زایشی درختان حرا (.Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آمایش محیط‌زیست، گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 استاد، گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

3 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان هرمزگان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بندرعباس، ایران

4 استاد، گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

5 دانشیار، گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی نقش اسکله بر ویژگی‌‌های رویشی و زایشی درختان حرا (Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh.) در دو منطقه خور آذینی و بندر خمیر بود. ابتدا دو ایستگاه هم‌جوار با اسکله و شاهد در هریک از دو منطقه مذکور درنظر گرفته شد. سپس، دو توده سه هکتاری در هریک از ایستگاه‌‌های هم‌جوار با اسکله و شاهد انتخاب شد. در هریک از آن‎ها، سه ترانسکت 300 متری به‌صورت تصادفی- منظم به فاصله‌های 50 متر از یکدیگر درنظر گرفته شد. در هریک از ترانسکت‎ها، سه قطعه‌نمونه با ابعاد 10×10 متر مربع پیاده شد و ویژگی‌‌های رویشی و زایشی درختان حرا با ارتفاع بیشتر از یک متر اندازه‎گیری شدند. این داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون تی‎استیودنت مقایسه شدند. نتایج نشان داد که در منطقه خور آذینی، درجه شادابی درختان حرا و نیز تعداد نها‌‌ل‌‌ها و ریشه‌‌های هوایی در ایستگاه شاهد به‌طور معنی‌‌داری بیشتر از ایستگاه هم‌جوار با اسکله بود، اما از نظر ویژگی‌‌های رویشی دیگر شامل ارتفاع درخت، طول تاج و سطح تاج، اختلاف معنی‌‌داری بین دو ایستگاه مذکور مشاهده نشد. در بندر خمیر نیز درجه شادابی درختان حرا و سطح تاج در ایستگاه شاهد به‌طور معنی‌‌داری بیشتر از ایستگاه هم‌جوار با اسکله به‌دست آمد، اما از نظر ویژگی‌‌های رویشی دیگر، اختلاف معنی‌‌داری بین دو منطقه شاهد و هم‌جوار با اسکله مشاهده نشد. درمجموع، توده‎های شاهد با فاصله از اسکله، شرایط رویشی و شادابی بهتری داشتند، بنابراین توصیه می‎شود که برای کاهش اثرات منفی سازه‎های انسان‌ساخت بر جوامع جنگلی مانگرو، پژوهش‌های دیگری نیز انجام شود تا ‎با توجه ‌به اطلاعات پایه‎ای، سازه‎ها با حساسیت بیشتری مکان‎یابی شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of port effects on vegetative and reproductive characteristics of grey mangrove (Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh.) of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Yaghoubzadeh 1
  • A. Salmanmahiny 2
  • M. Moslehi 3
  • A. Danehkar 4
  • A.R Mikaeili Tabrizi 5
1 Ph.D. Student of Land Use Planning, Department of Environmental Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Prof., Department of Environmental Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 Assistant Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Bandarabbas, Iran
4 nullProf., Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
5 Associate Prof., Department of Environmental Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the port on vegetative and reproductive characteristics of grey mangrove (Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh.) in two regions of Khamir and Khor-e-Azini. For this purpose, two sites adjacent to the port and control were selected in each region. For the study, two three-hectare stands were selected adjacent to the port and control sites and three 300-meter transects, 50meter apart from each other were selected using a random- systematic sampling method in each stand. Further, three plots (10×10 m2) were selected along the transects and measured the vegetative and reproductive characteristics of A. marina. For trees higher than one meter and the datawere compared using T-test statistical analysis. Results showed that, in the control site in Khour-e-Azini port, the vitality of trees, the number of aerial roots and seedlings were significantly higher than those adjacent to the port but no significant differences were observed in other vegetative characteristics of grey mangrove including height, crown length and crown area in the two sites. Further, in the control site in Khamir port, the vitality of trees and crown area were significantly higher than those adjacent to the port but no significant differences were observed in other vegetative characteristics of grey mangrove at the two control and adjacent to the port sites. Generally, results showed that, with distance from the port, control stands have had better vegetative and vitality. Therefore, it is recommended in order to decrease the negative effects of human structures on mangrove forests, in addition to this research, other comprehensive researches should be done to specify the location of human structures more sensitive according to basic data.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Khour-e-Azini
  • mangrove
  • man-made structure
  • reproductive charactristics
  • vegetative characteristics

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