پدیده‌شناختی و ویژگی‌های رویشی و ریخت‌شناسی هشت کلن صنوبر نیگرا (Populus nigra L.) در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی البرزکرج

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 مربی پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

    در پژوهش پیش‌رو، مجموعه‌ای از اطلاعات پدیده‌شناختی، رویشی و ریخت‌شناسی هشت کلن صنوبر (Populus nigra L.) طی سال‌های 1389 تا 1398 از درختان 9‌ساله موجود در کلکسیون ایستگاه تحقیقاتی البرز کرج جمع‌آوری و تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که باز شدن برگ‌ها در کلن P.n.62/127 زودتر از کلن‌های دیگر در اواخر اسفند و در کلن P.n.56/72 دیرتر از ارقام دیگر در اواخر فروردین رخ داد. گل‌ها در کلن P.n.62/127 زودتر از ارقام دیگر در اواسط اسفند و در کلن P.n.56/72 دیرتر از کلن‌های دیگر و در اواسط فروردین باز شدند. همچنین، رسیدن و پراکنش بذر در کلن P.n.62/149هرساله زودتر از کلن‌های ماده دیگر و در اوایل اردیبهشت آغاز شد. خزان کامل برگ‌ها در کلن P.n.56/72 زودتر از کلن‌های دیگر در اواسط آذرماه و در کلن P.n.62/127 دیرتر از ارقام دیگر و در اواخر آذرماه رخ داد. کمترین و بیشترین دوره رویش به‌ترتیب مربوط به کلن‌های P.n.56/72 و P.n.62/127 بود.نتایج بررسی مشخصه‌های رویشی نشان داد که بیشترین متوسط رویش حجمی سالانه متعلق به کلن P.n.62/154با 72/40 متر مکعب در هکتار بود. بررسی ویژگی‌های ریخت‌شناسی نیز نشان داد که تنه تمامی کلن‌ها به‌جز کلن P.n.62/149،شکلی راست داشتند و شکل تاج آن‌ها از بسته تا نیمه‌باز متغیر بود.بیشترین درصد وزن خشک، سطح برگ و زاویه رگ‌برگ اصلی با دومین رگ‌برگ پائینی در کلن P.n.62/191 مشاهده شد. شکل قاعده پهنک برگ کلن‌ها از تاحدودی گوه‌ای تا گوه‌ای گرد متغیر بود. همچنین، تنوع بسیاری در بین کلن‌های موردمطالعه ازنظر ویژگی‌های ریخت‌شناسی برگ و جوانه مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of the phenological, vegetative and morphological characteristics of eight Populus nigra L. clones in the Albourz Research Station, Karaj, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Ahmadloo 1
  • Rafatollah Ghasemi 2
  • Mohsen Calagari 3
  • Azadeh Salehi 1
1 Assistant Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Senior Research Expert, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

     A set of phonological, vegetative and morphological data of eight clones of Populus nigra L. were collected and recorded on 9-year-old trees in the Alborz Research Station in Karaj during 2010 to 2019. The phenology results of poplar clones showed that the leaves were opened earlier in P.n.62/127 in mid-March and opened later in P.n.56/72 in mid-April than the other clones. The flowers were opened earlier in P.n.62/127 in early Marchand opened later in P.n.56/72 in early April than the other clones. Also, seed ripening and dispersal in P.n.62/149 began annually earlier than other female clones in late April. Full leaves fall were earlier in P.n.56/72 in early December and later in P.n.62/127 in late December than other clones. The shortest length of the growth period was in P.n.56/72 and longest was in P.n.62/127. The results of the vegetative characteristics analysis showed that there is the highest average volume growth increment in P.n.62/154 with 40.72 m3/ha/y. Also, study of morphological characterization showed that the trunk shape of all clones is straight except P.n.62/149 and their crown form are closed to somewhat open. There are maximum percentage of dry matter, leaf area and angle between the main vein and the second vein in P.n.62/191. Basic leaf base trait of clones is partially wedge-shaped to round wedge. There is considerable variation among the studied clones in terms of leaf and bud morphological characteristics.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Average annual growth
  • bud shape
  • growth period
  • leaf characteristics
  • Populus nigra

مراجع

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