اثر تغییرات فصلی بر برخی خصوصیات شیمیایی خاک جنگلی (مطالعه موردی: جنگل‌های مریوان)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد جنگل داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان و مرکز پژوهش و توسعه جنگل‌داری زاگرس شمالی، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

خاک یکی از اجزای مهم اکوسیستم جنگل به‌شمار می­رود و شناخت کیفیت خاک که یکی از شاخص­‌های آن ویژگی­‌های شیمیایی و فرآیند تغییرات آن است، می­‌تواند به‌عنوان راهنمایی برای تحلیل سلامت اکوسیستم جنگل مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. در این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر تغییرات فصلی بر ویژگی­‌های شیمیایی خاک سطحی در جنگل­‌های مریوان، نمونه­‌برداری در طول یک­سال در طی چهار نوبت با فاصله سه ماه (فروردین، تیر، مهر و دی) انجام شد. در هر فصل، پنج نمونه ترکیبی و در مجموع 20 نمونه برداشت شد. نمونه­‌ها برای اندازه­‌گیری مقدار کربن، نیتروژن، فسفر، اسیدیته، هدایت الکتریکی، پتاسیم، کلسیم و منیزیم مورد تجزیه قرار گرفتند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده­‌ها با استفاده از تجزیه واریانس یک‌طرفه و آزمون دانکن انجام شد. براساس یافته­‌های این پژوهش، بیشترین مقدار کربن آلی، نیتروژن کل و فسفر قابل جذب در فصل تابستان به‌ترتیب 10/70 درصد، 0/59 درصد و 44/70 میلی­‌گرم بر کیلوگرم و کمترین مقدار آن‌ها در فصل زمستان به‌ترتیب 8/01 درصد، 0/20 درصد و 39/05 میلی­‌گرم بر کیلوگرم بود. درصد کربن آلی و فسفر اختلاف معنی­‌داری را در فصل‌های مختلف سال نشان نداد، اما اختلاف مقدار نیتروژن خاک در طی زمان معنی‌­دار بود. همچنین، تأثیر زمان بر مقدار اسیدیته و منیزیوم در سطح اطمینان 99 درصد و بر هدایت الکتریکی و کلسیم در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد معنی‌­دار بود، اما تغییرات پتاسیم بسیار اندک بود و اختلاف معنی‌­داری را نشان نداد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of seasonal changes on some chemical forest soil properties during one year (Case study: Marivan forests)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Delnia Rostami 1
  • Kiomars Mohammadi Samani 2
  • Vahid Hosseini 2
1 M.Sc. Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
2 Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan and the Center for Research and Development of Northern Zagros Forestry, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Soil is one of the important components of the forest ecosystem and getting knowledge about the chemical properties of soil can be a good guide for analyzing of forest ecosystem health. In this research, soil samples were taken during a year over four times at intervals of three months (March, June, September and December) in order to evaluate the effect of seasonal changes on chemical properties of topsoil in Marivan forests. Five composite soil samples in each season were collected and altogether 20 samples were taken. Soil organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, pH, electrical conductivity, potassium, calcium and magnesium were analyzed in the Lab. Data analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range tests. The result of this study showed that the maximum amount of organic carbon, total nitrogen and phosphorous were observed in the summer that was 10.7%, 0.59% and 44.7 ppm, respectively while the least amount were observed in the winter which was 8.01%, 0.2% and 39.05 ppm, respectively. There were no significant differences in organic carbon and phosphorus during year and over seasons, but total soil nitrogen showed statistically significant (p < 01) differences over time. Also pH (p < 0.01), EC (p < 0.05), Ca (p < 0.05) and Mg (p < 0.01) showed statistically significant differences over time while changes in the amount of potassium were very low and showed no statistically significant differences over a year.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Electrical conductivity
  • northern Zagros
  • Organic carbon
  • Soil quality
  • Surface soil

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