مقایسه ترکیب گرده‌ و کیفیت عسل تولید شده از دو رویشگاه جنگلی و مرتعی در منطقه ارسباران

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد جنگل‌شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

صنعت زنبورداری در ارسباران یکی از فعالیت‌های مهم روستایی است و عسل یکی از ارزشمندترین محصولات فرعی مناطق مرتعی و برخی از مناطق جنگلی ارسباران است. پژوهش پیش‌رو با هدف مقایسه ترکیب گرده‌ای، خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی و کیفیت عسل تولید شده دو رویشگاه تازه‌کند (جنگلی) و وینق (مرتعی) در جنگل‏‌های ارسباران انجام شد. در 15 اردیبهشت سال 1392 و در آغاز فصل گلدهی، 10 کندو در هر یک از مناطق مورد مطالعه مستقر شد. پس از گذشت سه ماه، نمونه‌های عسل‏ برداشت و به آزمایشگاه منقل شدند. در آزمایشگاه عمل جداسازی گرده‌های موجود در عسل و شناسایی آ‌ن‌ها و همچنین اندازه‌گیری ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی نمونه‌های عسل انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که در منطقه وینق، گرده‏‌های ممرز (Carpinus betulus L.) و در منطقه تازه‌کند گرده‏‌های کیکم (Acer monspessulanum L.) غالب بودند. همچنین در در منطقه وینق، گرده‏‌های پلاخور بوته‌ای (Lonicera iberica M. B.) و کیکم و در منطقه تازه­‌کند گرده‏‌های گیلاس وحشی (Cerasus avium (L.) Moench) به‌عنوان فراوان‌ترین گونه­‌های همراه شناسایی شدند. براساس نتایج، به‌دلیل کم‌بودن میزان رطوبت، هیدروکسی‌متیل‌فورفورال، قند احیاء، قند کل و میزان ساکارز در منطقه جنگلی، کیفیت عسل‏‌های این منطقه از منطقه مرتعی بهتر شناخته شد. به‌طور کلی، نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که زنبورهای عسل تمایل بیشتری به استفاده از گرده‏ گونه‌های درختی و درختچه­‌ای در مقایسه با سایر گونه­‌های علفی داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of pollen grain composition and quality of honey obtained from forest and rangeland sites in Arasbaran region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Safi Ahmad Abad 1
  • Anoushirvan Shirvany 2
  • Parisa Panahi 3
1 M.Sc. Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Assistant Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Beekeeping is one of the most important rural activities and honey is one of the most valuable by-products obtained from rangelands and some forest areas in Arasbaran region. The aim of this research was to compare the pollen grain composition and quality of honeys obtained from Vinaq (rangeland habitat) and Tazekand (forest habitat). Ten hives (10 per habitat) was established at the beginning of the flowering season in 2013. After three months, honey produced in the habitats were taken in August and was transferred to the laboratory for physico-chemical analysis and pollen identification. Pollen studies showed that the pollen grains of common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) and Montpellier maple (Acer monspessulanum L.) was dominant pollen in Vinaq and Tazekand, respectively. Futhermore, the pollen grains of Lonicera iberica M. B. and Montpellier maple in Vinaq and pollen grains of Wild cherry (Cerasus avium (L.) Moench) in Tazekand were identified as companion species. According to the results of physico-chemical properties of honey samples, and particularly humidity, HMF, revival sugar, total sugar and sucrose, quality of honey obtained from forest was better than rangeland. These observations indicate that bees prefer to use of trees and shrubs pollen in compare to herbs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bee keeping
  • melissopalynology
  • rangeland
  • Tazekand
  • Vinaq

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