تحلیل اثر پراکنش مکانی کپه‌ای درختان بنه (Pistacia atlantica Desf) بر ویژگی‌های زیست‌سنجی آن‌ها با استفاده از تابع همبستگی نشان‌دار در جنگل تحقیقاتی بنه استان فارس

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

تحلیل پراکنش مکانی درختان در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌­خشک اطلاعات ارزشمندی در مورد برهمکنش آن‌ها و چگونگی تأثیرشان بر یکدیگر ارایه می‌کند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نحوه تأثیرپذیری ویژگی­‌های زیست­‌سنجی درختان بنه (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) از پراکنش مکانی کپه­‌ای آن‌ها در ناحیه رویشی زاگرس انجام شد. بخشی از جنگل تحقیقاتی بنه در استان فارس انتخاب شد و علاوه‌بر ثبت موقعیت مکانی درختان با قطر برابر سینه بیشتر از 2/5 سانتی‌متر؛ قطر برابر سینه، ارتفاع و مساحت تاج هر درخت اندازه­‌گیری شد. درختان بنه با قطر برابر سینه بیشتر از 10 سانتی‌متر به‌عنوان درختان بالغ و کمتر از 10 سانتی‌متر به‌عنوان نهال طبقه‌بندی شدند. برای دستیابی به اهداف مطالعه، از واریوگرام نشان­دار و تابع همبستگی نشان­دار تک­متغیره (به‌ترتیب γ(r) و kmm(r)) و دومتغیره (به‌ترتیب γm1m2(r) و km1m2(r)) استفاده شد. مقایسه توزیع مکانی درختان بنه با فرآیند پواسون همگن نشان داد که توزیع مشاهده‌شده درختان دارای ناهمگنی مکانی معنی­‌دار (در سطح خطای 0/05) بود. این ناهمگنی ناشی از شرایط نامطلوب رویشگاهی منطقه مطالعاتی بود. نتایج شکل تک­متغیره و دومتغیره γ(r) و تابع kmm نشان داد که قطر برابر سینه، ارتفاع و مساحت تاج درختان بنه که تا فاصله سه متری از یکدیگر قرار گرفته بودند، کمتر از میانگین کل بود. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد که ویژگی­‌های زیست­‌سنجی مورد مطالعه در نهال­‌های بنه که درخت بالغ بنه تا فاصله سه متری آن‌ها قرار داشته، کمتر از میانگین کل بود. به‌طور کلی، نتیجه­‌گیری شد که تجمع درختان بنه در کنار یکدیگر به‌دلیل ناهمگنی شرایط رویشگاهی بر ویژگی­های زیست­‌سنجی آن‌ها تأثیر منفی گذاشته و مانع افزایش آن‌ها شده بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the effect of clustered spatial distribution of mount Atlas mastic (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) trees on their biometric characteristics using mark-correlation function in Baneh Research Forest, Fars province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Narges Kariminejad 1
  • Seyyed Yousef Erfanifard 2
  • Seyyed Rashid Fallah Shamsi 2
  • Hossein Sadeghi 2
1 M.Sc. Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The spatial distribution analysis of trees in arid and semi-arid regions presents valuable information about their interactions and impacts on one another. This study was aimed to investigate how biometric characteristics of mount Atlas mastic (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) are influenced by their clustered spatial distribution in Zagros vegetation zone. For this purpose, a part of Wild Pistachio Research Site, Fars province, was selected and in addition to registering the position of all trees with > 2.5 cm diameter at breast height (DBH), DBH, height, and crown area of each tree were measured. Wild pistachio trees with DBH > 10 cm and < 10 cm were classified as adult and sapling, respectively. To achieve the aims of study, univariate and bivariate forms of mark variogram and mark-correlation function (γ(r), kmm(r), γm1m2(r) and km1m2(r), respectively) were applied. The observed pattern of wild pistachio trees showed significant spatial heterogeneity as compared to homogeneous Poisson process (α=0.05). This heterogeneity was caused by unfavorable environmental conditions of study area. The results of univariate and bivariate γ(r) and kmm(r) showed that DBH, height, and crown area of wild pistachio trees located at three meter distance from each other were less than overall average. Moreover, the results showed that investigated biometric characteristics of wild pistachio saplings that wild pistachio adults were located up to three meter distance from them were less than overall average. In general, it was concluded that aggregation of wild pistachio trees because of environmental heterogeneity negatively influenced their biometric characteristics and prevented their increase.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mark-correlation function
  • spatial distribution
  • Variogram
  • Zagros

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