تأثیر تیمار کود بر رشد نهال‌های شیردار (Acer cappadocicum) در نهالستان و عرصه جنگل

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

2 پژوهشگر موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

3 مربی موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

4 کارشناس سازمان جنگلها، مراتع و آبخیزداری کشور

چکیده

تولید نهال‌های قوی و مناسب برای موفقیت در جنگلکاری‌ها همواره موردتوجه است. هدف از این بررسی تأثیر کوددهی بر رشد نهال‌ها در نهالستان و جنگل بود. رشد نهال‌های شیردار (Acer cappadocicum) در نهالستان کلاردشت با تیمارهای مختلفی از کودهای شیمیایی (NPK)، دامی و عناصر ریزمغذی در 14 تیمار در قالب طرح آماری بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار بررسی شد. سپس نهال‌های دوساله به جنگل منتقل شدند و در سه تکرار در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی کاشته شدند. نتایج اندازه‌گیری رشد نهال‌ها طی چهار سال تحت تیمارهای مختلف در نهالستان اختلاف معنی‌داری را نشان داد، به‌طوری‌که نهال‌هایی که کود دامی دریافت کرده بودند، از رشد بیشتری برخوردار بودند. بیشترین تأثیر تیمارهای کودی بر رشد نهال‌ها در سال اول رشد در جنگل مشاهده شد و نهال‌های تیمار 14 (ترکیب کود دامی و کود شیمیایی) بیشترین رشد را داشتند. در سال دوم رشد در عرصه، تنها از نظر قطر اختلاف بین تیمارها معنی‏دار بود و نهال‌های تیمارهای 14 و هشت (کود خالص دامی) بیشترین قطر را داشتند. تأثیر تیمارهای کودی در سال‌های بعد کمتر شد. درمجموع می‌توان گفت که اگر در عرصه جنگلکاری علف‌های هرز زیادی وجود دارد و رشد سال اول نهال‌ها برای رقابت اهمیت زیادی دارد، بهتر است در نهالستان از ترکیب کودی شماره 14 (N90P120K90+ کود میکرو+ کود دامی) استفاده شود، در غیراین‌صورت، دادن کود دامی برای تولید نهال‌های خوب و رشد مناسب در عرصه در شرایط مشابه این آزمایش کفایت خواهد کرد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of nutrient enrichment on nursery and field growth of Cappadocian Maple (Acer cappadocicum) saplings

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Rahmani 1
  • Majid Hassani 2
  • Mostafa Khoshnevis 3
  • Mohsen Nourshad 4
1 Assistant Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, I.R. Iran.
2 Research Expert, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, I.R. Iran.
3 Senior Research Expert, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, I.R. Iran.
4 Research Expert, Forests, Ranges and Watershed Management Organization, Tehran, I.R. Iran.
چکیده [English]

Growth and nutrient dynamics of bare-root Cappadocian Maple (Acer cappadocicum) seedlings were investigated in a two-year period in a Kelardasht nursery as well as four seasons after field plantation to assess the effects of nursery fertilization regimes. During the nursery period, NPK and Micronutrient (as chemical treatments) and manure (as organic treatment) were used in different dosages. The transplantation was then established in a randomized complete block design with replicates in three blocks. Twenty randomly-selected saplings per treatment were planted in planting holes. In a 4-year period, sapling stem height and diameter were monitored for all saplings at the end of each growth season. In nursery, the greatest sapling growth rate was observed at manure treatment. The results of 2-year nursery rotation showed that the highest height growth of first year after planting saplings was achieved at the treatment comprised of 90 kg/ha N, 120 Kg/h P, 90 Kg/ha K, 30 t/ha manure and 20 L/ha microelement. The largest height and diameter growth of two- and three- year old saplings were achieved at treatments with both chemical and manure. However, no significant difference was shown for those that solely received manure treatment.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • sapling
  • Fertilizer
  • Kelardasht forest
  • Acer cappadocicum
  • nursery
  • Growth

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