تحمل صنوبر اورامریکن (Populus euramericana 561/41) به غلظت‏های مختلف سرب

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 استاد، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 استادیار، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

4 استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور،‌ سازمان تحقیقات،‌ آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

چکیده

در پژوهش پیش‌رو، پتانسیل گیاه‌پالایی کلن 561/41 صنوبر اورامریکن (Populus euramericana Guinier) به خاک آلوده به سرب (غلظت‌های صفر، 500، 1000، 1500 و 2000 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) در یک مکان مسقف در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که در غلظت‌های 500، 1000، 1500 و 2000 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم سرب، زنده‌مانی به‌ترتیب حدود 19/9، 35/8، 55/6 و 60/3 درصد کاهش یافت. این درحالی بود که اعمال غلظت‌های مختلف سرب تغییر محسوسی در کاهش طول ریشه و ارتفاع ساقه ایجاد نکرد و تا غلظت 500 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم سرب، سطح برگ و زی‌توده‌های ریشه،‌ ساقه،‌ برگ و کل نونهال کاهش پیدا نکرد. با افزایش غلظت سرب در خاک، غلظت و مقدار سرب در ریشه، ساقه و برگ افزایش یافت و مقادیر آنها همواره در ریشه بیشتر از ساقه و برگ بود. در غلظت 500 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم سرب، کارآیی انتقال (تجمع سرب در اندام هوایی) و شاخص‏های تحمل ریشه، اندام هوایی و نونهال بیشتر از غلظت‌های دیگر اعمال‌شده سرب بود. به‌طور کلی، نونهال‌های P. euramericana در غلظت 500 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم تحمل بسیار خوبی نسبت به فلز سنگین سرب داشتند و در غلظت‌های بیشتر، اگرچه شاخص تحمل آنها حدود 60 درصد کاهش یافت، اما نشان‌دهنده تحمل قابل قبول این کلن در غلظت‏های زیاد سرب بود. همچنین انباشت قابل ملاحظه سرب در ریشه، نشان‌دهنده عمل تثبیت ریشه‏ای بود که می‏تواند این کلن را برای پروژه‏های گیاه‌پالایی در محیط‏های آلوده به سرب، مطلوب معرفی کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Tolerance of Populus euramericana 561/41 to different concentrations of lead

نویسندگان [English]

  • 'Atefeh Emami 1
  • Mas'oud Tabari Kouchaksaraei 2
  • Nader Bahramifar 3
  • Azadeh Salehi 4
1 M.Sc. Student Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University
2 Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University
3 Assistant Prof., Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University
4 Assistant Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)
چکیده [English]

In this study, phytoremediation potential of Populus euramericana clone 561/41 to Pb-contaminated soils (0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 mg Pbkg-1 soil) was investigated in greenhouse condition in a completely randomized design. The results showed that the survival was decreased about 19.9%, 35.8%, 55.6% and 60.3%  in the soil polluted with 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 mg Pbkg-1, respectively. However, increasing Pb did not lead to any notable changes in the length of root and stem. In addition, leaf area and biomass of root, stem, leaf and total (till 500 mg Pbkg-1 soil) did not decrease as well. The Pb concentration, content of plant organs, the greatest, and the lowest values allocated to root and leaf increased along with increasing Pb concentration of soil. The greatest values of translocation factor and tolerance indices of root, shoot and total plant were observed in 500 mg Pb kg-1. The results generally demonstrated the good tolerance of the seedlings of P. euramericana clone 561/41 to Pb heavy metal in 500 mg kg-1 concentration. At higher concentrations of Pb, the results presented an acceptable tolerance, though the tolerance index of seedlings was reduced. Due to significant accumulation of Pb in the root (phytostabilization), this clone can therefore be introduced as an appropriate clone for phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soils.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Contaminated soil
  • Lead
  • phytoremediation
  • translocation factor
  • Tolerance index

مراجع

- Alizadeh, S.M., Zahedi, A.G., Savaghebi, F.G., Etemad, V., Shirvany, A. and Shirmardi, M., 2012. Influence of soil amendment on cadmium accumulation responses in one-year old Populus alba L. seedling.‏ Iranian Journal of Forest, 4(3): 355-366 (In Persian).
- Alizadeh, S.M., Zahedi, A.G., Shirmardi, M. and Shahriari, M.H., 2014. Effect of heavy metals (lead, cadmium and chromium) on some root morphological characteristics of Populus alba L. and Populus nigra L. seedlings. Iranian Journal of Forest, 3(6): 267-277 (In Persian).
- Biró, I. and Takács, T., 2007. Study of heavy metal uptake of Populus nigra in relation to phytoremediation. Cereal Research Communications, 35(2): 265-268.
- Borghi, M., Tognetti, R., Monteforti, G. and Sebastiani, L., 2008. Responses of two poplar species (Populus alba and Populus canadensis) to high copper concentrations. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 62: 290-299.
- Cai, Q. and Shi, G., 2009. Leaf plasticity in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in response to heavy metal stress. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 67: 112-117.
- Castiglione, S., Todeschini, V., Franchin, C., Torrigiani, P., Gastaldi, D., Cicatelli, A., Rinaudo, C., Berta, G., Biondi, S. and Lingua, G., 2009. Clonal differences in survival capacity, copper and zinc accumulation, and correlation with leaf polyamine levels in poplar: A large-scale field trial on heavily polluted soil. Environmental Pollution, 157: 2108-2117.
- Di Baccio, D., Tognetti,  R., Sebastiani, L. and Vitagliano, C., 2003. Responses of Populus deltoides × Populus nigra (Populus × euramericana) clone I-214 to high zinc concentrations. Journal of New Phytologist, 159(2): 443-452.
- Gupta, P.K., 2000. Soil, Plant, Water and Fertilizer Analysis. Agrobios, New Delhi, 483p.
- Han, Y., Wang, L., Zhang, X., Korpelainen, H. and Li, C., 2013. Sexual differences in photosynthetic activity, ultrastructure and phytoremediation potential of Populus cathayana exposed to lead and drought. Tree Physiology, 33(10): 1043-1060.
- He, J., Ma, C., Ma, Y., Li, H., Kang, J., Liu, T., Polle, A., Peng, C. and Luo, Z., 2013. Cadmium tolerance in six poplar species. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 20: 163-174.
- Hu, Y., Nan, Z., Su, J. and Wang, N., 2013. Heavy metal accumulation by poplar in calcareous soil with various degrees of multi-metal contamination: Implications for phytoextraction and phytostabilization. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 20(10): 7194-7203.
- Jakovljević, T., Bubalo, M.C., Orlović, S., Sedak, M., Bilandžić, N., Brozinčević, I. and Redovniković, I.R., 2014. Adaptive response of poplar (Populus nigra L.) after prolonged Cd exposure period. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 21(5): 3792-3802.
- Kabata-Pendias, A., 2004. Soil-plant transfer of trace elements-an environmental issue. Geoderma, 122: 143-149.
- Katanic, M., Pilipovic`, A., Orlovic, S., Krstic, B., Kovacevic, B. and Pekec, S., 2008. The influence of lead on the in vitro growth and concentration of photosynthetic pigments in shoots of the white Poplar (Populus alba) clones. Lesnícky časopis-Forestry, 54(1): 29-36.
- Kovačević, B., Miladinović, D., Orlović, S., Katanić, M., Kebert, M. and Kovinčić, J., 2013. Lead tolerance and accumulation in white poplar cultivated In vitro. South-East European Forestry, 4(1): 3-12.
- Kramer, U., 2005. Phytoremediation: novel approaches to cleaning up polluted soils. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 16: 133-141.
- Kvesitadze, G., Khatisashvili, G., Sadunishvili, T. and Ramsden, J.J., 2006. Biochemical Mechanisms of Detoxification in Higher Plants. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 245p.
- Landberg, T. and Greger, M., 1996. Differences in uptake and tolerance to heavy metals in Salix from unpolluted and polluted areas. Applied Geochemistry, 11: 175-180.
- Landberg, T. and Greger, M., 2002. Differences in oxidative stress in heavy metal resistant and sensitive clones of Salix viminalis. Plant Physiology, 159: 69-75.
- Malá, J., Máchová, P., Cvrčková, H. and Vaněk, T., 2007. Heavy metals uptake by the hybrid aspen and rowan-tree clones. Forest Science, 53(11): 491-497.‏
- McGrath, S.P., Zhao, F.J. and Lombi, E., 2002. Phytoremediation of metal, metalloids and radionuclides. Advance Agronomy, 75: 1-56.
- Motesharezade, B., Savaghebi, G.R., Alikhani, H., Mir Seyed Hosseini, H., 2008. An identification of heavy metals resistant plants and bacteria in the surrounding lands of Shazand, Arak lead and zinc mine, to be used in phytoremediation. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 1 (39): 163-174 (In Persian).
- Pukacki, P.M., 2000. Effects of sulphur, fluoride and heavy metal pollution on the chlorophyll fluorescence of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) needles. Dendrobiology, 45: 83-88.
- Pulford, I.D. and Dickinson, N.M., 2005. Phytoremediation technologies using trees: 375-395. In: Prassad, M.N.V. and Naidu, R. (Eds.). Trace Elements in the Environment. CRC Press, New York, pp: 375-395.
- Pulford, I.D., Watson, C. and Mcgregor, S.D., 2001. Uptake of chromium by trees: prospects for phytoremediation. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 23: 307-311.
- Rezvani, M., Zaefarian, F. and Gholizade, A.L., 2012. Lead and nutrients uptake by Aeluropus littoralis under different levels of lead in soil. Water and Soil Science, 3(22): 73-86 (In Persian).
- Salazar, M. and Pignata, M., 2014. Lead accumulation in plants grown in polluted soils, screening of native species for phytoremediation. Geochemical Exploration, 137(1): 29-36.
- Salehi, A., Tabari, M. and Shirvani, A., 2014. Survival, growth and Pb concentration of Populus alba (clone 44/9) seedling in Pb-contaminated soil. Iranian Journal of Forest, 4(6): 419-433 (In Persian).
- Tanvir, M.A. and Siddiqui, M.T., 2010. Growth performance and cadmium (Cd) uptake by Populus deltoides as irrigated by urban waste water. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 47: 235-240.
- Toppi, S.D.L. and Gabbrielli, R., 1999. Response to cadmium in higher plants-review. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 41: 105-130.
- Wu, F., Yang, W., Zhang, J. and Zhou, L. 2010. Cadmium accumulation and growth responses of a poplar (Populus deltoides × Populus nigra) in cadmium contaminated purple soil and alluvial soil. Hazard Mater, 177: 268-273.
- Yang, Y., Liu, Q., Han, C., Qiao, Y.Z., Yao, X.Q. and Yin, H.J., 2007. Influence of water stress and low irradiance on morphological and physiological characteristics of Picea asperata seedlings. Photosynthetica, 45: 613-619.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار