تأثیرکاربری‌های مختلف اراضی بر ترسیب کربن خاک

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جنگلشناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد

2 استادیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد

3 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

چکیده

تغییر کاربری یکی از مهم‌ترین عامل‌هایی است که حفاظت از اکوسیستم‌های طبیعی را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. اگر اکوسیستم به‌طور طبیعی حفظ شود، پایداری خاک تأمین خواهد شد. پژوهش پیش‌رو به‌منظور بررسی اثر کاربری‌های مختلف اراضی بر توان ترسیب کربن خاک در منطقه چهارطاق اردل استان چهارمحال و بختیاری انجام شد. شش کاربری مختلف شامل جنگل قرق‌شده، جنگل طبیعی، جنگل تخریب‌شده، باغ، مرتع و کشاورزی انتخاب شدند و در هر کاربری 10 قطعه‌نمونه به‌طور منظم- تصادفی پیاده شد. در هر قطعه‌نمونه از پارامترهای کمی پوشش گیاهی آماربرداری شد و یک نمونه خاک از عمق صفر تا 60 سانتی‌متری برداشت شد. آزمایش‌‌های خاکشناسی برای تعیین بافت، وزن مخصوص ظاهری و کربن آلی خاک انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که در بین کاربری‌های مختلف اراضی، جنگل قرق‌شده با 47/46 تن در هکتار بیشترین میزان ترسیب کربن خاک را داشت. کمترین مقدار اندوخته کربن نیز مربوط به جنگل تخریب‌شده به میزان 13/68 تن در هکتار بود که ازنظر آماری دارای تفاوت معنی‌دار در سطح اطمینان 99 درصد بود. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده بیان‌گر این موضوع است که اگر اکوسیستم جنگلی از دخالت‌های انسانی در امان مانده باشد، نقش به‌سزایی در اندوخته بلندمدت کربن در خاک ایفا می‌‌کند. هرگونه دخالت در شرایط طبیعی اکوسیستم، تأثیر منفی خود را به ‌شکل محسوسی در اندوخته کربن خاک نشان می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of different landuse types on soil organic carbon storage

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azita Eskandari Shahraki 1
  • Bahman Kiani 2
  • Yaghoub Iranmanesh 3
1 M.Sc. Student, Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Faculty of Natural Resources and Desesrt Sciences, Yazd University
2 Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Desesrt Sciences, Yazd University
3 Assistant Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO
چکیده [English]

Landuse change is one of the most important influential factors on the protection of natural ecosystems, since it greatly contributes to, for example, stabilizing soil and avoiding its erosion. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different landuses on soil carbon sequestration potential in Chahartagh-e Ardal area of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. To this aim, six different landuse types including natural forest, disturbed forest, enclosure forest, garden, grassland and agriculture were selected, followed by randomly drawing ten samples in each landuse type. In addition, quantitative parameters of existing vegetation, and 60 soil samples were also taken from the 0-60 cm soil depth in each plot. Soil analysis was performed to determine the texture, bulk density and soil organic carbon. The results showed that enclosure forest has the highest rate of carbon sequestration in soil among the different land uses (47.466 Mg C ha-1) and the lowest rate related to disturbed forest (13.689 Mg C ha-1), which was attributed to its appropriate vegetation and ecosystem dynamics. Moreover, a significant difference (p < 0.01) was observed. The results suggest that forest ecosystems that have not been influenced by human interferences play an important role in long-term storage of soil carbon. In addition, any interference in natural ecosystem condition can be associated with negative impact on different levels on soil carbon storage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carbon
  • land use
  • soil

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