تحلیل روند پایداری عملیات احیاء و توسعه جنگل‌‌های مانگرو در سواحل استان هرمزگان

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جنگلداری دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشجوی دکتری محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

3 دانشیار دانشگاه تهران

4 دانشجوی دکتری مرتعداری، دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

چکیده

ارزیابی پایداری عملیات توسعه جنگل‌های مانگرو زمینه و بستر مناسب را برای مدیریت صحیح و انتخاب و اولویت‌بندی برنامه‌ریزی توسعه و احیاء این جنگل‌ها فراهم می‌کند. در همین راستا در این مطالعه تحلیل روند پایداری عرصه‌های جنگل‌کاری سواحل استان هرمزگان در 31 رویشگاه دست‌کاشت این استان موردمطالعه قرار گرفت. رویکرد مورداستفاده در این پژوهش، استفاده از معیارها و شاخص‌های پایداری مناطق جنگلی است، بنابراین براساس دو معیار وسعت منابع جنگلی و سلامتی و زنده‌مانی جنگل و چهار شاخص تغییرات سطح جنگل، تغییرات تراکم، متوسط رشد ارتفاعی و متوسط زادآوری، میزان پایداری گستره‌های جنگل‌کاری مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. برای اندازه‌گیری شاخص‌ها از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای و نمونه‌برداری تصادفی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان دادند که درصد افت سطح جنگل‌کاری در سواحل استان هرمزگان 68 درصد است. رویشگاه‌های مستقر در شهرستان قشم دارای بیشترین متوسط تراکم جنگلی (1057 اصله در هکتار) و در بندر خمیر این شاخص کمترین است (320 اصله در هکتار). بیشترین درصد افت سطح جنگل در شهرستان جاسک با 79/5 درصد و کمترین آن در شهرستان قشم با 51/5 درصد همراه بوده است. تحلیل وضعیت پایداری عرصه‌ها نشان داد، 48 درصد رویشگاه‌های دست‌کاشت در وضعیت ناپایداری خیلی زیاد و 36 درصد در وضعیت ناپایداری زیاد قرار دارند. براساس رتبه‌بندی پایداری انجام‌شده، وضعیت پایداری در گستره‌های جنگل‌کاری شهرستان قشم نسبت به سایر عرصه‌ها در شرایط مناسب‌تری قرار دارد و در این میان رویشگاه اسکله هامون در جزیره قشم در وضعیت پایداری بالاتری  قرار دارد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of sustainability trend in restoration and development of mangroves in Hormozgan coastal line

نویسندگان [English]

  • Beitollah Mahmoudi 1
  • Hasti Petrosian 2
  • Afshin Daneh Kar 3
  • Omid Zakeri 4
1 Ph.D. Student Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran.
2 Ph.D. Student of Environmental Science, Department of Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran, Tehran, I.R. Iran.
3 Associate Prof., Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran.
4 Ph.D. Student of Range Management, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran, Tehran, I.R. Iran.
چکیده [English]

The assessment of the sustainability in restoration of mangroves offers an opportunity for sound management as well as for prioritizing the required steps in restoration plans. We studied the sustainability of an afforestation projects in 31 selected zones across the coastal line in Hormozgan province by means of sustainability indices. To this aim, the extent and survival of forest resources were mentioned. Moreover, forest area, density, average height growth, average regeneration, stability of stands and their alteration trend were considered as sustainability indicators. Satellite imagery and randomly-drawn samples were used to derive the indices .The results showed a 68% rate of forest decline across the coastal line. In addition, the afforestation in Qeshm island showed the highest average forest density (1057 trees per ha), whereas Bandar Khamir showed the lowest rate (320 trees per ha). The highest and lowest rates of forest loss were observed in Jask (79.5%) and Qeshm (51.5 %), respectively. Survey on sustainability of afforested mangroves indicated that 48% of afforestation area are highly unstable, followed by 36% of the area being classified as unstable. The condition in Qeshm is therefore better compared to the other sites. Within this site, Eskeleh Hamoon zone showed the highest rate of stability.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Restoration and development
  • mangroves
  • sustainability indicators
  • Hormozgan province

مراجع

- Andon Petrosians, H. 2013. Introducing new places for ex-Situ conservation of Mangroves in Hormozgan province. M.Sc. thesis, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran, 156p (In Persian).
- Anonymous, 2010. National report on sustainable forests; Criteria & indicators for forest sustainability. USDA Forest Sustainability Reporting, 130p.
- Anonymous, 2011. Actions of province and township afforestation. 
- Castaneda, F. 2000. Criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management: international processes, current status and the way ahead. Unasylva, 203: 34-40.
- Collan, M., Fedrizzi, M. and Luukka, P.  2013.  A multi-expert system for ranking patents: An approach based on fuzzy pay-off distributions and a TOPSIS–AHP framework. Expert Systems with Applications, 40: 4749-4759.
- Damizade, Gh. 1997. Report on the possibility of planting Mangrove species at different distances from the coastal region. Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Hormozgan, 16p (In Persian).
- Danehkar, A., Hashemi, E., Mahmoodi, B.A. and Ebrahimi, A. 2005. Management of Hormozgan Province Mangrove Forest. Administration of Natural Resources at Hormozgan Province, 84p (In Persian).
- Danehkar, A., Mahmoodi, B.A., Sabaee, M., Ghadirian, T., Asadolahi, Z., Sharifi, N. and Petrosian, H. 2012. Nationality Document for Stable Management of Mangrove Forest of Iran. Forest, Range and Watershed Management Organization of Iran, Paidari Tabyat Co., 624p (In Persian).
- Dehghani, M. 2007.  Determination of the potential of land for development of Mangrove forests by GIS (Part of Qeshm Island). M.Sc. thesis, University of Kurdistan, 95p (In Persian).
- Erfani, M., Nouri, G.R., Danehkar, A., Marvie Mohajer, M.R. and Mahmoudi, B. 2010. Vegetative parameters of mangrove forest on the Govater bay in southeast of Iran. Taxonomy and Biosystematics, 1(1): 33-46.
- Hasan Zade Kiani, B., Majnonian, H., Gashtasb Meigouni, H. and Mansouri, G. 2004. The proposed criteria for assessing the situation of Iranian wetlands conservation in order to prioritize them. Journal of Environmental Studies, 33:47-89.
- Hoberg, J. 2011. Economic Analysis of Mangrove Forests: A Case Study in Gazi Bay, Kenya, UNEP, 50p.
- Kamali, B. and Hashim, R. 2010. Mangrove restoration without planting. Ecological Engineering, 37(2): 387-391.
- Lewis, R.R. 2005. Ecological engineering for successful management and restoration of Mangrove forests. Ecological Engineering, 24: 403-418.
- Luo, Zh., Sun, O.J. and Xu, H. 2011. A comparison of species composition and stand structure between planted and natural Mangrove forests in Shenzhen Bay, South China. Journal of Plant Ecology, 3(3): 165-174.
- Naemi Aghdam, A. 2001. Determine the potential for natural regeneration and bio-accumulation of Mangrove forests in damaged areas in the Persian Gulf War. University of Tarbiat Modares (In Persian).
- Nameer, P.O., Kumar, B.M. and Minood, C.R. 1992. Floristic, zonation and above ground production in the Mangroves of Puduryppu, Kerala. Indian Journal of Forestry, 5: 317-325
- Nasouri, M. 1992. Production Harra Plant: planning and development. Natural Resource Department of Hormozgan Province, 25p (In Persian).
- Primavera, J.H., Sadaba, R.B., Lebata, M.J.H.L. and Altamirano, J.P. 2004. Handbook of Mangroves in the Philippines- Panay. UNESCO, 106p.
- Safiari, S. and Nasouri, H. 2007. Development of Mangrove forest. Forest, Range and Watershed Management Organization of Iran, 498p (In Persian).
- Safiari, S. Soltani Pour, A. and Nasouri, H. 1999. A study on the possibility of planning of Harra species (Avicennia marina) at different distances from the coastal tidal zone. Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Hormozgan Province.
- Samson, M.S. and Rollon, R.N. 2008. Growth performance of planted Mangroves in the Philippines: Revisiting forest management strategies. Ambio, 37: 234-240.
- Taghizade, A. 2007. Environmental management of Rhizophora mucronata in Hormozgan province. Islamic Azad University, Bandar abbas Branch, 95p (In Persian).
- Ukpong, I. 1992. Is there vegetation continuum in Mangrove swamp? Acta Botanica Hungarica, 37:151-159.
- Valiela, I., Bowen, J. and York, J. 2001. Mangrove forests: One of the world’s threatened major tropical environments. Bioscience, 51: 807-815.
- Win Oo, N. 2004 .Changes in Habitat Conditions and Conservation Mangrove Ecosystem in Myanmar: A Case Study of Pyindaye Forest Reserve, Ayeyarwady Delta, Status Report for MAB Young Scientist Award 2004 Department of Geography, Yangon University of Distance Education, Myanmar, 15p.
 

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار