مقایسه روش‌های آماربرداری برای تعیین تنوع گونه‌های چوبی در جنگل‌های زاگرس شمالی (پژوهش موردی: جنگل‌های بلکه بانه)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد جنگل‌داری، گروه جنگل‌داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

2 استاد، گروه جنگل‌داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان

چکیده

تنوع گونه‌های چوبی برای آگاهی از تغییرات موجود در اکوسیستم‌های جنگلی برآورد می‌شود که لازمه آن جمع‌آوری اطلاعات کمی و کیفی مناسب با استفاده از آماربرداری جنگل است. هدف پژوهش پیش‌رو تعیین مناسب‌ترین روش نمونه‌برداری برای برآورد تنوع گونه‌های چوبی در جنگل‌های زاگرس شمالی بود. برای این منظور 40 هکتار از جنگل سامان عرفی روستای بلکه انتخاب شد و در آن 40 قطعه‌نمونه مربعی هر کدام به مساحت یک هکتار (100×100 متر) انتخاب شدند. در هر قطعه‌نمونه اطلاعات مربوط به گونه، مختصات مکانی درختان، تعداد درختان و قطر بزرگ و کوچک تاج همه درختان ثبت شد. داده‌های آماربرداری صددرصد در نرم‌افزار Arc GIS وارد شدند و نقشه پراکنش درختان به‌دست آمد. روش‌های نمونه‌برداری با قطعات نمونه مستطیلی به ابعاد 50×20 متر، خط‌نمونه 100 متری و 50 متری و همچنین روش مربعی با ابعاد 10×10 متر، 15×15 متر، 20×20 متر و 40×40 متر در شبکه آماربرداری 100×100 پیاده شدند و نتایج آنها با آماربرداری صددرصد مقایسه شد. برای مقایسه از معیار T ×%E2 استفاده شد. همچنین از شاخص‌های تنوع شانون- وینر، سیمپسون، غنای مارگالف و منهنیک برای مقایسه روش‌های نمونه‌برداری مربعی استفاده شد. براساس نتایج، مناسب‌ترین روش برای برآورد مشخصه‌های تعداد در هکتار و درصد تاج‌پوشش درختان منطقه، به‌ترتیب روش مربعی با ابعاد 40×40 متر و روش مربعی با ابعاد 20×20 متر بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of inventory methods for woody species biodiversity assessment in Northern Zagros forests (Case study: Blakeh Forests, Baneh)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Souma Etemad 1
  • Mahmoud Zobeiri 2
  • Manouchehr Namiranian 2
  • Loghman Gharamany 3
1 M.Sc. Forestry, Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran
2 Prof., Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran
3 Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan
چکیده [English]

To assess the diversity of woody species (as a major task to understand the changes in forest ecosystem), collection of appropriate qualitative and quantitative data is of particular importance. This study attempts to introduce the most appropriate sampling method for estimating woody species diversity in the northern Zagros forests. An area of 40 ha in Blakeh forest was selected, in which 40 quadrangular samples of one ha each in a 100 m × 100 m grid were established. In each plot a set of characteristics such as species, tree position, the number of trees and smallest/largest crown diameter were measured. All inventory data were processed in GIS to produce a dispersion map of trees. Different sampling methods (rectangular samples with 20 × 50 m, transect methods with 50 and 100 m length, quadrangular method with 10 × 10 m, 15 × 15 m, 20 × 20 m, 40 × 40 m sample sizes) were implemented in a 100×100m sampling grid. The %E2 ×T criterion was used to compare the results. In addition, quadrangular methods were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener and Simpson diversity and the Margaleff and Minhinick enrichment indices. The quadrangular method with 40 × 40 m and 20 × 20 m sample size was shown to be the most appropriate method for estimating stem number per ha and percentage of canopy cover.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • crown cover
  • Density
  • Northern Zagros forests
  • quadrangular sampling method
  • diversity indices
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