ارزیابی الگوی پراکنش مکانی گونه‌های درختی و درختچه‌ای در جنگل‌های زاگرس مرکزی (پژوهش موردی: ذخیره‌گاه جنگلی چهارطاق)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم جنگل، دانشگاه شهرکرد

2 استادیار گروه علوم جنگل دانشگاه شهرکرد

3 استادیار گروه علوم جنگل دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

موقعیت مکانی و اندازه ارتفاع و تاج تمام درختان و درختچه‌های متعلق به پنج گونه ارس، برودار، زبان‌گنجشک، کیکم و زالزالک روییده در کنار یکدیگر در وسعتی برابر 53 هکتار از ذخیره‌گاه جنگلی چهارطاق در زاگرس مرکزی اندازه‌گیری شدند. الگو‌های پراکنش پایه‌های هر گونه توسط چهار شاخص C، هینز، ابرهارت، پیلو و جانسون- زیمر محاسبه شدند. در کنار این شاخص‌ها، تخمین بصری و شاخص رشد آزاد (نسبت اندازه مساحت تاج به ارتفاع گیاه) نیز برای تفسیر نتایج و تعیین صحت نتایج بکار گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که پراکنش پایه‌های زبان‌گنجشک کاملاً از الگوی تصادفی پیروی می‌کند و افراد دو گونه بلوط ایرانی (برودار) و زالزالک کاملاً کپه‌ای پخش شده‌اند. تفاوت الگوی پراکنش پیش‌بینی‌شده برای دو گونه دیگر توسط شاخص‌های مختلف، متفاوت بود. عامل‌هایی چون تراکم کم کیکم و کنترل اپی‌‌نستیک زیاد ارس به‌عنوان عامل‌های عدم‌قطعیت تعیین نوع پراکنش این دو گونه ارائه شدند. در بین شاخص‌های موردمطالعه، شاخص الگوی پراکنش C مناسب‌ترین شاخص توضیح‌دهنده پخشیدگی درختان برای منطقه مذکور بود.
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کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Spatial distribution pattern of tree and shrub species in a central Zagros (Case study: Chahartagh forest reserve)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yousef Askari 1
  • Ali Soltani 2
  • Hormoz Sohrabi 3
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Science, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, I.R. Iran.
2 Assistant Prof., Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tarbiat Modares, Noor, I.R. Iran.
3 Assistant Prof., Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Science, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, I.R. Iran.
چکیده [English]

To provide the initial database of this study, a 53-ha forest reserve in central Zagros was 100% surveyed by recording the location, height and crown coverage of the entire trees and shrubs including Brant`s oak (Quercus brantii), Syrian ash (Fraxinus rotundifolia), Persian juniper (Juniperus polycarpos), hawthorn (Crataegus Spp.) and Montpellier maple (Acer monspessulanum). The data was used to calculate species-specific values of five distribution pattern indices including C, Johnson-Zimmer, Pielou, Eberhart and Hiens indices. In addition, visual estimation and a so called Free Growth Index (crown area to height ratio) were applied for accuracy assessment of the calculated pattern indices. Results revealed a random pattern distribution for ash, as well as a clumpy distribution of oak and hawthorn trees. Distribution patterns of the remainder of species could not be fully described by majority of indices, which is attributed to the existing low density of maple and high epinastic control for juniper communities. The C index exceeded the other indices in describing the overall tree distribution patterns, and is therefore suggested to be used for highly diverse Zagros tree species.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Distribution pattern
  • Persian juniper
  • Brant`s oak
  • Zagros forest
  • T square
  • nearest neighborhood

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