تأثیر سطوح مختلف آمیختگی توسکا و صنوبر بر جمعیت فرانکیا در خاک

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استاد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

4 دانشیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور

چکیده

امروزه از کاشت مخلوط درختان تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن برای تأمین نیاز عناصر غذایی صنوبرکاری‌ها استفاده می­شود، اما این امر می­ تواند با کاهش تعداد گیاه میزبان در هکتار بر جمعیت فرانکیای خاک تأثیر منفی داشته باشد. برای مطالعه تأثیر سطوح مختلف آمیختگی توسکا با صنوبر بر جمعیت فرانکیا در خاک، آزمایشی در قالب آماری بلوک­ های کامل تصادفی با پنج تیمار شامل نسبت‌های 100، 70، 50 و 30 درصد آمیختگی صنوبر Populus deltoides 77/51 با توسکای ییلاقی (Aluns subcordata) با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات صنوبر صفرابسته انجام شد. جمعیت فرانکیا در خاک به روش بیشترین تعداد محتمل (MPN) و میزبانی نهال­ های توسکای ییلاقی تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد که توسکا در سطوح مختلف آمیختگی باعث افزایش رشد ارتفاعی و قطری صنوبرها، بهبود وضعیت عناصر غذایی، کربن آلی و pH خاک و افزایش غلظت نیتروژن و پتاسیم در برگ‌های صنوبر نسبت به تیمار خالص صنوبر شده است. همچنین نتایج جمعیت فرانکیا نشان داد که خاک تیمارهای مختلف با یکدیگر ازنظر آماری تفاوت معنی‌داری داشتند. بیشترین و کمترین جمعیت، 49/17 و 0/89 عدد در گرم خاک، به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای توسکا و صنوبر خالص مشاهده شد. جمعیت فرانکیا با ارتفاع درخت توسکا، مقادیر فسفر و پتاسیم قابل ‌دسترس خاک همبستگی منفی معنی­ دار داشت، اما با قطر درخت توسکا، pH خاک و عناصر غذایی برگ رابطه مثبت و معنی ­داری را نشان داد. نتایج پژوهش پیش‌رو نشان داد که فرانکیا در رشد و تأمین عناصر غذایی مورد نیاز درختان مؤثر بوده است و کشت مخلوط نسبت به کشت خالص صنوبر باعث افزایش جمعیت فرانکیا شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of mixed plantation of alder and poplar on population of Frankia nodulation in soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ehsan Kahneh 1
  • Amir Lakzian 2
  • Alireza Astaraii 3
  • Kazem Khavazi 4
1 Ph. D. Student, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Prof., Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Associate Prof., Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
4 Associate Prof., Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, nitrogen-fixing tree species are often planted in combination with poplar to provide nutrients, though this can reduce the number of host plants and have a negative impact on soil Frankia population. In order to study the effects of mixed plantation of Caucasian alder (Alnus subcordata) and poplar (Populus deltoides) on Frankia nodulation potential, an experiment was carried out within a randomized block design. Five different mixtures of 17–years old P. deltoides (P) and A. subcordata (A) (100A, 70A30p, 50A50P, 30A70 and 100P) were established in Safrabasteh Poplar Research Station in Guilan province of Iran. The results showed that the presence of alder in mixture with poplar positively affected the diameter at breast height (DBH) and height of poplar trees. Mixed plantations with alder can improve Soil pH and the amount of soil nutrients and organic carbon. Furthermore, foliar nutrient concentrations of poplar trees were higher in mixed plantations than in pure plantations. The results of Frankia population analysis showed significant difference between the soils across different species mixture classes. The highest and lowest levels of Frankia population were observed in the rhizosphere soil of pure alder (49.17 g-1 soil) and pure poplar (0.89 g-1 soil), respectively. The Frankia population was negatively correlated with amounts of available P and K, yet it was positively correlated with pH. In addition, Frankia population showed positive and negative correlations with alder DBH and height, respectively. These results confirmed the effects of plant-host density on the viability and population of Frankia.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Alnus subcordata
  • POPULUS DELTOIDES
  • Frankia
  • mixed plantation
  • nodulation potential

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