نوسان های بین پایه ای و سالانه تولید بذر برودار (Quercus brantii Lindl.) در جنگل داربادام کرمانشاه

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

2 استادیار، گروه منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه

3 دکترای جنگلداری، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه

4 استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

چکیده

تولید بذر در جنس بلوط بین ­پایه­ های مختلف و همچنین در سال­ های مختلف نوسان­ های زیادی دارد. در این پژوهش نوسان­ های بین­ پایه­ ای و سالانه تولید بذر برودار (Quercus brantii Lindl.) در جنگل پژوهشی داربادام استان کرمانشاه به ­مدت سه سال (1388 تا 1390) پایش شد. چهل درخت نمونه با استفاده از روش نمونه­ برداری تصادفی با مونه­بندی انتخاب و متغیرهای کمی آنها اندازه­ گیری شد. در ابتدای شهریورماه با استفاده از روش شمارش تاجی، شمار بذر آنها مشخص شد و برای انجام مقایسات مربوط به تولید بذر، متغیر تراکم بذر (شمار بذر در یک مترمربع سطح تاج) نیز محاسبه شد. تحلیل آماری داده­ ها بیانگر نوسان­ های زیاد تولید بذر بین درختان مختلف و همچنین بین سه سال مورد مطالعه بود. درحالی­که در یک سال مشخص برخی درختان اصلاً بذری تولید نکرده بودند، برخی پایه­ ها تراکم بذری بیشتر از 40 داشتند. نامناسبترین شرایط بذردهی مربوط به سال 1388 (میانگین تراکم بذر 1/6) بود. بهترین بذردهی (میانگین تراکم بذر 10/7) نیز در سال 1389 اتفاق افتاد. در سال­ های 1388 و 1390 ازنظر میانگین تراکم بذر بین طبقه­ های قطری مختلف درختان برودار، اختلاف معنی ­داری وجود نداشت، اما در سال 1389 اختلاف در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد معنی­ دار بود. مقایسه میانگین تراکم بذر طبقه­ های قطری مشابه بین سه سال نیز نشان داد که فقط در طبقه­ های قطری میانی اختلاف معنی ­دار در سطح اطمینان 99 درصد وجود دارد. درمجموع، نتایج پژوهش پیش ­رو تأثیرگذاری سرشت ذاتی گونه و همچنین زمان (سال بذردهی) را بر تولید بذر گونه برودار تأیید کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Individual and annual variation in acorn production of Brant`s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) in Darbadam Forest of Kermanshah Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Pourhashemi 1
  • Morteza Pourreza 2
  • Yahya Khodakarami 3
  • Parisa Panahi 4
1 Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Prof., College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
3 Ph.D. Forestry, Research Division of Natural Resources, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Kermanshah, Iran
4 Assistant Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Production of tree seeds is associated with considerable variations within individuals and among years. In this study, individual and annual variation in acorn production of Brant`s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) was studied in Darbadam Forest, Kermanshah province during 2009-2011. A number of 40 sample trees were selected by stratified random sampling method, followed by measurement of their quantitative variables. Prior to acorn fall in early September, the number of acorns per tree was determined by crown count method. In addition, acorn density (acorn number/m2 crown area) was calculated to compare the potential of acorn production.  The result showed great variability within individuals and among years. Some sample trees had no acorns; meanwhile acorn density was more than 40 in some trees. The weakest and the best acorn production were observed in 2009 (mean acorn density= 1.6) and 2010 (mean acorn density=10.7), respectively. The last year of study (2011) showed a moderate condition. Significant differences (P<0.05) were solely observed between acorn density of different diameter classes in 2010. Furthermore, the differences in acorn density amongst trees in similar diameter classes among years were only significant (P<0.01) for medium diameter classes. In conclusion, the results confirmed the effect of inherent tree species capability and the seeding year on acorn production of Brant`s oaks.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Acorn
  • acorn density
  • acorn number
  • crown count

مراجع

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