Determining the most resistant almond ecotypes and genotypes to water stress for forest plantation at rainfed conditions

Document Type : Scientific article

Authors

1 Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, I.R.Iran

2 Esfahan Natural Resources and Livestock Husbandry Research Centre, Esfahan, I.R.Iran.

3 Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, P.O.Box 13185-116, Tehran, I.R.Iran

Abstract

The investigation was conducted at two trials. At the first trial, genotypes number one (G1) and two (G2) of the cultivated almond (Prunus dulcis var. amara) with seed origin from Esfahan-Najafabad and one ecotype (E1) of the natural almond (Amygdalus scoparia) with seed origin from Esfahan-Semirom) were tested under the Statistical Design of Split Plots, with three replicates. The main treatments were five soil water contents (7, 10, 13, 16 and 20 percent) and the second treatments were the almond ecotype and genotypes. The second trial was similar to the first one at the main treatments but different at the second treatments. The second treatments were as follows: 
- Three almond cultivated genotypes: G4, G5, and G6
- One almond native ecotype (E2) with seed origin from Kurdestan-Paveh.
The measured seedlings quantitative and physiological characteristics were as follows:
stem height (SH), stem collar diameter (SCD), leaves dry weight (LDW), stem dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), leaf thickness, leaf total number (LTN) and branch numbers (BN), leaf proline rate (LPR), and leaf stomata (LS).
The first trial showed that although there was significant difference between E1, and G1, G2, through the seedlings SH, LDW, SDW, RDW, SCD and LN characteristics, but the G1 was the most resistant Almond to water stress. The almond genotype resistance was due to its high root volume, which resulted in high shoot volume as well. The second trial showed that there were significant difference between E2 and G4, G5, G6 through the seedlings SH, RDW and LN characteristics. G6 had the highest and E2 and G5 had the lowest root volume. Overall, there were greater differences between the Almond species and genotypes in root dry weight than in shoot dry weight. G6 and G4 were the most resistant to water stress, respectively.
 

Keywords

References

1- ابطحی، ع.، 1372. خاک‌های شور و سدیمی و مسائل آن. خلاصه مقالات چهارمین کنگره علوم خاک ایران، 184 صفحه.
2- خاتم‌ساز، م.، 1371. فلور ایران، تیره روزاسه. مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع، نشریه شماره 6: 274-315.
3- دانشور، ح.ع.، 1379. اثر تنش شوری و خشکی بر رشد و صفات فیزیولوژیکی چهار گونه وحشی و پنج ژنوتیپ از گونه اهلی بادام. پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد رشته جنگل‌داری، مرکز آموزش عالی امام خمینی (ره)، 109 صفحه.
4- زمانی، ذ.، 1378. عکس‌العمل نهال‌های بادام به تیمارهای مختلف آبیاری. خلاصه مقالات اولین همایش ملی بادام.
5- سالاردینی، ع.ا.، 1362. روابط آب و خاک و گیاه. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، 265 صفحه.
6- گیوی، ج.، 1378. ارزیابی فیزیکی تناسب اراضی منطقه سامان برای کاشت بادام. خلاصه مقالات اولین سمینار ملی بادام.
7- یزدانی، ه.، 1378. مقایسه روش‌های آبیاری قطره‌ای و سطحی روی درخت بادام. خلاصه مقالات اولین همایش ملی بادام.
8- Batlle, G. Sanz, M.A. Romera, F.J. Vargas, R. Save, F. de Herralde, M. Cohen, C. Biel, M. Pages, R.M. Campalans, M.C. de Vicente, P. Arus1998.  Almond breeding for drought resistance, p. 72-73.  In: L. Ferguson and D. Kester (eds.) II International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds,. Davis, California, USA. ISHS Acta Horticultura N0. 470.
9- Girona, J.; Marsa, J.; Mata, M.; Arbones, A.; Miravete, C.  1997. Evaluation of almond (Amygdalus communis L.) seasonal sensitivity to water stress.  Physiological and yield responses. In: L. Ferguson and D. Kester (eds.) II International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds,. Davis, California, USA.  ISHS Acta Horticultura N0. 470.
10- Herralde, F. and Biel, C. 1997. Vulnerability curves to embolism and drought resistance in two almond cultivars: Nucis Newsletter No. 6: 14-17.
11- Kűden, A.B.; Kűden, A.; Naska, N. 1994. Adaptation of some selected Almonds to Mediterranean Region of Turkey.  In: G. Barbera (ed.) I International Congress on Almond, Agrigento, Italy.  ISHS Acta Horticulturae 373.
12- Paleg, L.G. 1981. The response of fruit species to solontz-type saline soils. Jugoslovenko-vocarsto 22 (1): 17-22.
13- Shackel, K.; Gurusinghe, S.; Kester, D.; Micke, W. 1998.  Water stress responses of Almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) Webb.) trees under field conditions. In: L. Ferguson and D. Kester (eds.) II International symposium Pistachios and Almonds, Davis, California, USA. ISHS Acta Horticulturae 470.
14- Shakafandeh, A. 1980. Effect of Irrigation regime and salinity on growth nutrition and physiology of two wild almonds.  M.Sc. thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shiraz.
Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research
Volume 11, Issue 2
June 2003
Pages 219-232

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics